AP Physics 2 : AP Physics 2

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for AP Physics 2

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Example Questions

Example Question #2 : Ideal Gas Law

How many moles of nitrogen gas are in a  tank with a pressure of  at ?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

We will use the ideal gas equation:

Where  is the pressure in atm,  is the volume in liters,  is the number of moles of gas, , and  is the temperature in Kelvin.

Rearrange the equation to solve for moles:

Plug in known values and solve.

Example Question #11 : Ideal Gas Law

What is the volume of  of nitrogen gas (diatomic) at and ?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

We will use the equation:

Where:

 is the pressure in atm

 is the volume in liters

 is the number of moles of gas

 is the temperature in Kelvin.

We need to convert the temperature to Kelvin.

Rearrange our original equation for volume:

 

We need to find the moles of nitrogen gas. We divide the mass by the molar mass of nitrogen, which is .

Plug in our values to our original equation and solve. 

 

Example Question #51 : Thermodynamics

What is the mass of  of helium gas at  and ?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

We will use the equation:

Where:

 is the pressure in atm

 is the volume in liters

 is the number of moles of gas

 is the temperature in Kelvin 

We need to convert the temperature to Kelvin. 


Rearrange to solve for moles:

Plug in our values and solve

 

Then, we need to multiply by the molar mass of helium; recall that helium is not a diatomic gas.

Example Question #11 : Ideal Gas Law

What is the density of hydrogen gas at  and ?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

We will use the equation

Where:

 is the pressure in atm

 is the volume in liters

 is the number of moles of gas

 is the temperature in Kelvin

We need to convert celsius to Kelvin

Then, we will assume to make our calculations easier.

Rearrange for volume:

Plug in our values and solve 

Again, assume  and multiply by the molar mass of hydrogen gas, :

We divide mass by volume to get density.

 

Example Question #11 : Ideal Gas Law

What is the mass of of oxygen gas at  and ?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

We will use the equation:

Where:

 is the pressure in atm

 is the volume in liters

 is the number of moles of gas

 is the temperature in Kelvin

Rearrange to solve for moles:

Plug in our values and solve

 

Then, we need to multiply by the molar mass of oxygen gas, which is diatomic.

Example Question #51 : Thermodynamics

What is the density of neon gas at  and ?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

We will use the equation:

Where:

 is the pressure in atm

 is the volume in liters

 is the number of moles of gas

 is the temperature in Kelvin

First we need to convert our temperature to Kelvin:

We will assume to make our calculations easier.

Rearrange for volume:

Plug in our values and solve.

Again, assume  and multiply by the molar mass of neon :

We divide mass by volume to find density.

Example Question #53 : Thermodynamics

What is the volume of  of gaseous water at  and ?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

We will use the equation

Where:

 is the pressure in atm

 is the volume in liters

 is the number of moles of gas

 

 is the temperature in Kelvin 

We need to convert the temperature to Kelvin 

 

Rearrange our original equation for volume:

We need to find the moles of nitrogen gas. We divide the mass by the molar mass of water, which is .

Plug in our values to our rearranged original equation and solve. 

 

Example Question #54 : Thermodynamics

A balloon filled is filled with pure nitrogen gas. The balloon is determined to have a volume of  on a day when the temperature is , and the air pressure is .

 

How many nitrogen molecules are present?

 

 

Possible Answers:

None of these

 

Correct answer:

 

Explanation:

We will use our ideal gas equation.

 

 

Where is the pressure

is the volume

is the number of moles

is the gas constant

is the temperature in Kelvin

 

We rearrange the equation to solve for n

 

A common mistake is using the wrong gas constant, . We need to use

 

We convert our temperture from Celsius to Kelvin

 

 

We plug in our values

 

 

 

We then need to multiply by Avogadros number to convert to number of molecules.

 

 

Example Question #11 : Ideal Gas Law

Which of the following graphs shows an incorrect relationship for an ideal gas?

Possible Answers:

Varsity tutors ideal gas question   incorrect answer 1

Varsity tutors ideal gas question   correct answer

Varsity tutors ideal gas question   incorrect answer 3

Varsity tutors ideal gas question   incorrect answer 2

Correct answer:

Varsity tutors ideal gas question   correct answer

Explanation:

This question is asking for us to identify which graph shows an incorrect relationship between volume, pressure, and temperature of an ideal gas. To distinguish between which graphs are correct, and which one isn't, we'll need to use the ideal gas law.

It's also important to note that each graph in the answer choices shows a linear, positive relationship between the x and y-variables.

The only graph that shows an incorrect relationship is the graph that has  as the y-axis and  as the x-axis. From the ideal gas law shown above, we would expect a positive linear relationship of a graph showing  vs. . If we instead have  vs. , the graph would have a negative relationship.

All of the other graphs shown in the remaining answer choices show correct relationships.  vs.  gives a positive relationship. Likewise,  vs.  gives a positive relationship. And finally,  vs.  also gives a positive relationship.

Example Question #56 : Thermodynamics

of gas are heated from to and the pressure increases from to . Determine the volume in the final state.

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

Only the final state data will be needed Convert Celsius to Kelvin:

Use the ideal gas law:

Where

is the pressure in

is the volume in

  is the number of moles

is the gas constant,

is the temperature in

Plug in values and solve:

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