SAT Writing : Improving Paragraphs

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for SAT Writing

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Example Questions

Example Question #5 : Inserting Content

[1] American architecture has many distinctive styles and signature elements. [2] While perhaps newer than its counterparts, Southwestern architecture draws on Spanish and Native American influences that are hundreds or thousands of years old. [3] These influences can be seen in the use of native building materials such as adobe and pine timber, both easily found in the Southwest, and in the use of a central plaza or veranda. [4] Traditional building elements include walls with rounded corners, exposed timber beams, flat roofs, and a simple, uncluttered aesthetic. [5] Some houses are built around a central courtyard; while others open onto a patio flanked by ornate grillwork. 

[6] Pueblo Revival buildings are dignified by their vigas, which are roof beams that extend beyond the outer edge of walls. [7] Recessed windows and doorways with arched tops are also very common in this style of architecture. [8] Some famous examples of Pueblo Revival buildings include the New Mexico Museum of Art, the Painted Desert Inn, and various edifices at the University of New Mexico in Santa Fe.

The sentence “One particular category of Southwestern architecture is the Pueblo Revival style, first popularized in the early 1900s.” would fit best before which sentence?

Possible Answers:

Sentence 5

Sentence 8

Sentence 1

Sentence 6

Sentence 3

Correct answer:

Sentence 6

Explanation:

This sentence is an excellent topic sentence for the paragraph’s second passage, which discusses in detail some traits of Pueblo Revival architecture. For this reason, it belongs at the very beginning of the second paragraph.

Example Question #6 : Inserting Content

[1] American architecture has many distinctive styles and signature elements. [2] While perhaps newer than its counterparts, Southwestern architecture draws on Spanish and Native American influences that are hundreds or thousands of years old. [3] These influences can be seen in the use of native building materials such as adobe and pine timber, both easily found in the Southwest, and in the use of a central plaza or veranda. [4] Traditional building elements include walls with rounded corners, exposed timber beams, flat roofs, and a simple, uncluttered aesthetic. [5] Some houses are built around a central courtyard; while others open onto a patio flanked by ornate grillwork. 

[6] Pueblo Revival buildings are dignified by their vigas, which are roof beams that extend beyond the outer edge of walls. [7] Recessed windows and doorways with arched tops are also very common in this style of architecture. [8] Some famous examples of Pueblo Revival buildings include the New Mexico Museum of Art, the Painted Desert Inn, and various edifices at the University of New Mexico in Santa Fe.

What would be the best title for this passage?

Possible Answers:

"Southwestern Versus Pueblo Revival Architecture"

"Fading Fast: The Architectural Legacy of the Spanish Colonists"

"Adobe and Vigas: Environmentally Friendly Building Alternatives"

"The Modernization of the Pueblo Home"

"Southwestern Architecture: Multicultural and Multifaceted"

Correct answer:

"Southwestern Architecture: Multicultural and Multifaceted"

Explanation:

The passage is primarily about the various influences, styles, and elements of Southwestern architecture, so “Southwestern Architecture: Multicultural and Multifaceted” would be the best fit. While all of the other titles allude to topics discussed in the passage, none of them encompass the overall topic.

Example Question #7 : Inserting Content

[1] American architecture has many distinctive styles and signature elements. [2] While perhaps newer than its counterparts, Southwestern architecture draws on Spanish and Native American influences that are hundreds or thousands of years old. [3] These influences can be seen in the use of native building materials such as adobe and pine timber, both easily found in the Southwest, and in the use of a central plaza or veranda. [4] Traditional building elements include walls with rounded corners, exposed timber beams, flat roofs, and a simple, uncluttered aesthetic. [5] Some houses are built around a central courtyard; while others open onto a patio flanked by ornate grillwork. 

[6] Pueblo Revival buildings are dignified by their vigas, which are roof beams that extend beyond the outer edge of walls. [7] Recessed windows and doorways with arched tops are also very common in this style of architecture. [8] Some famous examples of Pueblo Revival buildings include the New Mexico Museum of Art, the Painted Desert Inn, and various edifices at the University of New Mexico in Santa Fe.

What sentence would best conclude this passage?

Possible Answers:

This, however, should not be confused with the Mission Revival Style, which is a different movement altogether.

Luckily, the style is now seen as archaic, and its many flaws are being replaced by exciting new innovations.

While mainly restricted to the Arizona, New Mexico, and California, this movement has made valuable contributions to American architecture as we know it today.

Although aesthetically pleasing, buildings made in this style are ecological disasters.

Recently, architects have been wondering if this style could be adapted to Northeastern climates.

Correct answer:

While mainly restricted to the Arizona, New Mexico, and California, this movement has made valuable contributions to American architecture as we know it today.

Explanation:

The sentence that best wraps up the passage and underscores the importance of the author’s discussion is this one: “While mainly restricted to the Arizona, New Mexico, and California, this movement has made valuable contributions to American architecture as we know it today.” All of the other options introduce brand-new ideas, which is a good strategy for beginning but not ending a passage.

Example Question #8 : Inserting Content

[1] The contemporary feminist movement had its origins more than two thousand years ago. [2] Because many people don’t realize it, some of the first feminists were men. [3] Early feminists such as Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton were most concerned in achieving education and legal recognition such as property and voting rights. [4] Other early feminists avidly rejected society’s narrow domestic vision for women. [5] These feminists ranged from Jane Austen to George Eliot.

[6] Still other feminists were concerned with obtaining equal educational and employment opportunities for women. [7] In the field of medicine, there was Florence Nightingale, Clara Barton, and Margaret Sanger, in the field of education there was Virginia Woolf and Mary Wollstonecraft. [8] During the twentieth century, issues such as reproductive rights, pay equality, and protection against sexual harassment would arise. [9] Recently, men’s rights activists have been opposing the work of contemporary feminists, claiming that the movement seeks to divest men of power and oppress them for the benefit of women. [10] Thanks largely to the efforts of these courageous early feminists, women today enjoy more equal rights than at any other time in Western history.

Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

Possible Answers:

"Early Feminism: A Brief Overview"

"Perfunctory Modern Feminists: An Investigation"

"Contemporary Feminism’s Perfidious Roots"

"Feminism: Its Detractors and Proponents"

"History: An Early Feminist Critique"

Correct answer:

"Early Feminism: A Brief Overview"

Explanation:

The passage is primarily concerned with outlining the origins and evolution of feminism, so “The History of Feminism: A Brief Overview” is the best title choice.

Example Question #9 : Inserting Content

[1] The contemporary feminist movement had its origins more than two thousand years ago. [2] Because many people don’t realize it, some of the first feminists were men. [3] Early feminists such as Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton were most concerned in achieving education and legal recognition such as property and voting rights. [4] Other early feminists avidly rejected society’s narrow domestic vision for women. [5] These feminists ranged from Jane Austen to George Eliot.

[6] Still other feminists were concerned with obtaining equal educational and employment opportunities for women. [7] In the field of medicine, there was Florence Nightingale, Clara Barton, and Margaret Sanger, in the field of education there was Virginia Woolf and Mary Wollstonecraft. [8] During the twentieth century, issues such as reproductive rights, pay equality, and protection against sexual harassment would arise. [9] Recently, men’s rights activists have been opposing the work of contemporary feminists, claiming that the movement seeks to divest men of power and oppress them for the benefit of women. [10] Thanks largely to the efforts of these courageous early feminists, women today enjoy more equal rights than at any other time in Western history.

The sentence “Plato and other ancient Greeks were arguing for political parity between the genders long before the twentieth-century feminists, and Jeremy Bentham and Henrik Ibsen also spoke out against the unequal treatment of women.” would best fit between which two sentences?

Possible Answers:

Sentences 4 and 5

Sentences 2 and 3

Sentences 5 and 6

Sentences 1 and 2

Sentences 3 and 4

Correct answer:

Sentences 2 and 3

Explanation:

This sentence elaborates upon a point introduced in Sentence 2 (“some of the first feminists were men”) and should therefore appear immediately after Sentence 2 and before Sentence 3.

Example Question #11 : Inserting Content

[1] Voltaire was an eighteenth-century's French Enlightenment philosopher. [2] According to Voltaire, an enlightened person is a rational individual who thinks independently, tolerates others, rejects superstition, and embraces science and reason. [3] Voltaire was a strong monarchist who rejected democracy and wanted a ruler who used his or her power to allow free intellectual activity. [4] Many enlightenment philosophers gave their own definitions of what an enlightened person was and did.

[5] Voltaire very much admired the English monarchy, leading him to publish Letters on the English, and he wanted the French monarchy to closely resemble the enlightened English monarchy. [6] He did not think that democracy was a plausible form of government because he simply did not have enough trust in the common people and believed that an enlightened despot would be a safer option. [7] Ironically, just as Luther’s ideas were twisted and exaggerated to inspire peasant revolts, some of Voltaire’s anti-democratic ideas ended up inspiring the French and American Revolutions.

Which would be the best sentence to insert between Sentence 2 and Sentence 3? 

Possible Answers:

Voltaire's opinions about government were influenced by his definition of an enlightened person. 

It was especially important that a ruler reject superstitution. 

However, Voltaire did not believe that all citizens were enlightened. 

Voltaire was born in 1694. 

Like many of his other beliefs, Voltaire’s religious beliefs were complicated. 

Correct answer:

Voltaire's opinions about government were influenced by his definition of an enlightened person. 

Explanation:

"Voltaire's opinions about government were influenced by his definition of an enlightened person" is the best transition between his definition of an enlightened person (Sentence 2) and his ideas about government (Sentence 3) because it makes the definition relevant to the material in the rest of the paragraph.

Example Question #11 : Inserting Content

1 Although vegetarianism is sometimes considered a recent phenomenon, the practice actually has roots in both ancient India and ancient Greece. 2 In Greece, being vegetarian was a way to abstain from eating ‘beings with souls,’ and vegetarianism was primarily practiced by small religious sects or certain philosophical thinkers. 3 Ancient Indian vegetarianism may have been more widespread, as it was mandatory for many Hindus, Jains, and Buddhists. 4 Buddhist scholars argue whether Gautama Buddha ever ate meat. 5 Obviously, vegetarianism is a constantly evolution practice that has changed considerably over the past several thousand years.

6 During the Middle Ages, vegetarianism remained largely outside the cultural milieu in Europe. 7 Certain aseptic religious sects may have avoided eating meat, but the practice didn’t truly gain ground in Western Europe until the Age of Enlightenment. 8 During and before that time, many people still argued that animals existed only for the benefit of humankind. 9 They were opposed by other people who thought that that was an anthropocentric viewpoint.

10 Over time, vegetarianism gradually gained diction with influential thinkers and by the twentieth century, organizations such as the International Vegetarian Union, the North American Vegetarian Society, and the Animal Aid were appearing. 11 What new form will vegetarianism take in the future?

What transitional word or phrase would be the best way to begin sentence three?

Possible Answers:

Heretofore,

On the other hand,

Although,

Henceforth,

Erstwhile,

Correct answer:

On the other hand,

Explanation:

The third sentence describes vegetarianism in ancient India, contrasting it with the previous sentence about vegetarianism in ancient Greece. The only phrase that accurately and grammatically expresses this contrasting relationship is “On the other hand.” "Although" would suggest that vegetarianism in Greece would somehow prevent or inhibit vegetarianism in India.

Example Question #221 : Improving Paragraphs

1 Although vegetarianism is sometimes considered a recent phenomenon, the practice actually has roots in both ancient India and ancient Greece. 2 In Greece, being vegetarian was a way to abstain from eating ‘beings with souls,’ and vegetarianism was primarily practiced by small religious sects or certain philosophical thinkers. 3 Ancient Indian vegetarianism may have been more widespread, as it was mandatory for many Hindus, Jains, and Buddhists. 4 Buddhist scholars argue whether Gautama Buddha ever ate meat. 5 Obviously, vegetarianism is a constantly evolution practice that has changed considerably over the past several thousand years.

6 During the Middle Ages, vegetarianism remained largely outside the cultural milieu in Europe. 7 Certain aseptic religious sects may have avoided eating meat, but the practice didn’t truly gain ground in Western Europe until the Age of Enlightenment. 8 During and before that time, many people still argued that animals existed only for the benefit of humankind. 9 They were opposed by other people who thought that that was an anthropocentric viewpoint.

10 Over time, vegetarianism gradually gained diction with influential thinkers and by the twentieth century, organizations such as the International Vegetarian Union, the North American Vegetarian Society, and the Animal Aid were appearing. 11 What new form will vegetarianism take in the future?

Where should the following sentence be inserted in the text? “Luminaries such as Ovid, Leonardo da Vinci, Mahatma Gandhi, and even Benjamin Franklin were all supporters of the vegetarian cause.”

Possible Answers:

After Sentence 7

After Sentence 11

After Sentence 8

After Sentence 10

After Sentence 9

Correct answer:

After Sentence 9

Explanation:

This sentence would conclude the second paragraph nicely. It lists several famous proponents of vegetarianism, and Sentences 8 and 9 were concerned with explaining that some people were historically proponents of the practice and others were opponents. Generally, specific examples belong best in the sentence that immediately follows the introduction of the broader topic or point.

Example Question #13 : Inserting Content

1 Although vegetarianism is sometimes considered a recent phenomenon, the practice actually has roots in both ancient India and ancient Greece. 2 In Greece, being vegetarian was a way to abstain from eating ‘beings with souls,’ and vegetarianism was primarily practiced by small religious sects or certain philosophical thinkers. 3 Ancient Indian vegetarianism may have been more widespread, as it was mandatory for many Hindus, Jains, and Buddhists. 4 Buddhist scholars argue whether Gautama Buddha ever ate meat. 5 Obviously, vegetarianism is a constantly evolution practice that has changed considerably over the past several thousand years.

6 During the Middle Ages, vegetarianism remained largely outside the cultural milieu in Europe. 7 Certain aseptic religious sects may have avoided eating meat, but the practice didn’t truly gain ground in Western Europe until the Age of Enlightenment. 8 During and before that time, many people still argued that animals existed only for the benefit of humankind. 9 They were opposed by other people who thought that that was an anthropocentric viewpoint.

10 Over time, vegetarianism gradually gained diction with influential thinkers and by the twentieth century, organizations such as the International Vegetarian Union, the North American Vegetarian Society, and the Animal Aid were appearing. 11 What new form will vegetarianism take in the future?

What transitional word or phrase would be the best way to begin Sentence 7?

Possible Answers:

As in ancient Greece,

As in ancient India,

However,

As in later years,

Nevertheless,

Correct answer:

As in ancient Greece,

Explanation:

This sentence discusses the fact that vegetarianism in the Middle Ages was restricted mostly to small religious groups, which is similar to the situation in ancient Greece that Sentence 2 describes. The transitional phrase “As in ancient Greece” would help highlight this similarity for readers. "As in ancient India" would be factually inacurate, as vegetarianism was more widespread in that region. Either "nevertheless" or "however" would suggest a direct oppositional relationship to the sentence preceding it (also, it is more grammatically correct to use a semi-colon to connect independent clauses beginning with "however" (although this is a disputed grammatical convention)). 

Example Question #14 : Inserting Content

1 Although vegetarianism is sometimes considered a recent phenomenon, the practice actually has roots in both ancient India and ancient Greece. 2 In Greece, being vegetarian was a way to abstain from eating ‘beings with souls,’ and vegetarianism was primarily practiced by small religious sects or certain philosophical thinkers. 3 Ancient Indian vegetarianism may have been more widespread, as it was mandatory for many Hindus, Jains, and Buddhists. 4 Buddhist scholars argue whether Gautama Buddha ever ate meat. 5 Obviously, vegetarianism is a constantly evolution practice that has changed considerably over the past several thousand years.

6 During the Middle Ages, vegetarianism remained largely outside the cultural milieu in Europe. 7 Certain aseptic religious sects may have avoided eating meat, but the practice didn’t truly gain ground in Western Europe until the Age of Enlightenment. 8 During and before that time, many people still argued that animals existed only for the benefit of humankind. 9 They were opposed by other people who thought that that was an anthropocentric viewpoint.

10 Over time, vegetarianism gradually gained diction with influential thinkers and by the twentieth century, organizations such as the International Vegetarian Union, the North American Vegetarian Society, and the Animal Aid were appearing. 11 What new form will vegetarianism take in the future?

What would be the best title for this passage?

Possible Answers:

Vegetarians Versus Vegans

A Brief History of Vegetarianism

Vegetarianism’s Declining Popularity: Fact or Fiction?

Vegetarianism’s Controversial Changes

Vegetarianism: Pros and Cons

Correct answer:

A Brief History of Vegetarianism

Explanation:

This passage is mainly concerned with vegetarian’s evolution over the years, so “A Brief History of Vegetarianism” would be the best title. While the passage does discuss changes in and popularity of vegetarianism, neither of these issues is at the heart of the reading. The specific attention to vegetarianism's popularity in specific historical periods is a good indicator of the focus of this passage.

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