Organic Chemistry : Organic Chemistry

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for Organic Chemistry

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Example Questions

Example Question #21 : Help With Other Named Reactions

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What is the product of the given reaction?

Possible Answers:

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 6.12.38 pm

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 6.12.29 pm

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 6.12.42 pm

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 6.12.25 pm

Correct answer:

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 6.12.25 pm

Explanation:

The reaction given involves the direct alkylation of an ester by the production of an enolate ion. The alpha hydrogen to the carbonyl group which is weakly acidic can be deprotonated in the presence of a base. LDA is a mild base that converts these compounds to the enolate ion. On the last step, through nucleophilic substitution by reaction with an alkyl halide with the enolate ion yields an alkyl group in the alpha position. LDA is sterically hindered therefore allowing for the production of an enolate ion without nucleophlic addition. Similarly, a ketone or nitrile containing compound can also undergo this type of reaction.Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 6.12.08 pm

Example Question #51 : Specific Reactions And Named Reactions

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What is the product of the given reaction?

Possible Answers:

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 6.18.13 pm

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 6.18.18 pm

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 6.18.22 pm

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 6.18.26 pm

Correct answer:

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 6.18.13 pm

Explanation:

The reaction given involves the direct alkylation of an ester by the production of an enolate ion. The alpha hydrogen to the carbonyl group which is weakly acidic can be deprotonated in the presence of a base. LDA is a mild base that converts these compounds to the enolate ion. On the last step, through nucleophilic substitution by reaction with an alkyl halide with the enolate ion yields an alkyl group in the alpha position. LDA is sterically hindered therefore allowing for the production of an enolate ion without nucleophlic addition. Similarly, a ketone or nitrile containing compound can also undergo this type of reaction.Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 6.17.42 pm

Example Question #31 : Other Reactions

What is the product of the given reaction?

Possible Answers:

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Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 6.26.20 pm

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 6.26.17 pm


Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 6.26.14 pm

Correct answer:

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 6.26.10 pm

Explanation:

The reaction given involves the direct alkylation of an ester by the production of an enolate ion. The alpha hydrogen to the carbonyl group which is weakly acidic can be deprotonated in the presence of a base. LDA is a mild base that converts these compounds to the enolate ion. On the last step, through nucleophilic substitution by reaction with an alkyl halide with the enolate ion yields an alkyl group in the alpha position. LDA is sterically hindered therefore allowing for the production of an enolate ion without nucleophlic addition. Similarly, a ketone or nitrile containing compound can also undergo this type of reaction.

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Example Question #32 : Other Reactions

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What is the product of the given reaction?

Possible Answers:

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 9.00.17 pm

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 9.00.07 pm


Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 9.00.21 pm

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 9.00.24 pm

Correct answer:

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 9.00.07 pm

Explanation:

The reaction given involves the direct alkylation of an ester by the production of an enolate ion. The alpha hydrogen to the carbonyl group which is weakly acidic can be deprotonated in the presence of a base. LDA is a mild base that converts these compounds to the enolate ion. On the last step, through nucleophilic substitution by reaction with an alkyl halide with the enolate ion yields an alkyl group in the alpha position. LDA is sterically hindered therefore allowing for the production of an enolate ion without nucleophlic addition. Similarly, a ketone or nitrile containing compound can also undergo this type of reaction.

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 8.59.47 pm

Example Question #31 : Help With Other Named Reactions

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What is the product of the given reaction?

Possible Answers:

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 5.50.21 pm

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 5.50.15 pm

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 5.50.24 pm

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 5.50.18 pm

Correct answer:

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 5.50.15 pm

Explanation:

The reaction given involves the direct alkylation of a nitrile containing compound by the production of an enolate ion. The alpha hydrogen to the nitrile group which is weakly acidic can be deprotonated in the presence of a base. LDA is a mild base that converts these compounds to the enolate ion. On the last step, through nucleophilic substitution by reaction with an alkyl halide with the enolate ion yields an alkyl group in the alpha position. LDA is sterically hindered therefore allowing for the production of an enolate ion without nucleophlic addition. Similarly, an ester or ketone containing compound can also undergo this type of reaction.

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Example Question #34 : Other Reactions

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What is the product of the given reaction?

Possible Answers:

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 5.53.30 pm

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 5.53.24 pm

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 5.53.33 pm

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 5.53.36 pm

Correct answer:

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 5.53.24 pm

Explanation:

The reaction given involves the direct alkylation of a nitrile containing compound by the production of an enolate ion. The alpha hydrogen to the nitrile group which is weakly acidic can be deprotonated in the presence of a base. LDA is a mild base that converts these compounds to the enolate ion. On the last step, through nucleophilic substitution by reaction with an alkyl halide with the enolate ion yields an alkyl group in the alpha position. LDA is sterically hindered therefore allowing for the production of an enolate ion without nucleophlic addition. Similarly, an ester or ketone containing compound can also undergo this type of reaction.

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 5.53.04 pm

Example Question #35 : Other Reactions

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 5.59.24 pm

What is the product of the given reaction?

Possible Answers:

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 5.59.33 pm

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 5.59.30 pm

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 5.59.38 pm

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 5.59.41 pm

Correct answer:

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 5.59.30 pm

Explanation:

The reaction given involves the direct alkylation of a nitrile containing compound by the production of an enolate ion. The alpha hydrogen to the nitrile group which is weakly acidic can be deprotonated in the presence of a base. LDA is a mild base that converts these compounds to the enolate ion. On the last step, through nucleophilic substitution by reaction with an alkyl halide with the enolate ion yields an alkyl group in the alpha position. LDA is sterically hindered therefore allowing for the production of an enolate ion without nucleophlic addition. Similarly, an ester or ketone containing compound can also undergo this type of reaction.

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 5.59.14 pm

Example Question #36 : Other Reactions

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What is the product of the given reaction?

Possible Answers:

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 5.56.50 pm

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 5.56.58 pm

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 5.56.46 pm

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 5.56.53 pm

Correct answer:

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 5.56.46 pm

Explanation:

The reaction given involves the direct alkylation of a ketone containing compound by the production of an enolate ion. The alpha hydrogen to the ketone group which is weakly acidic can be deprotonated in the presence of a base. LDA is a mild base that converts these compounds to the enolate ion. On the last step, through nucleophilic substitution by reaction with an alkyl halide with the enolate ion yields an alkyl group in the alpha position. LDA is sterically hindered therefore allowing for the production of an enolate ion without nucleophlic addition. Similarly, an ester or nitrile containing compound can also undergo this type of reaction.

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 5.56.25 pm

Example Question #31 : Other Reactions

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What is the product of the given reaction?

Possible Answers:

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 6.05.07 pm

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 6.04.58 pm

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 6.05.04 pm

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 6.05.02 pm

Correct answer:

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 6.04.58 pm

Explanation:

The reaction given involves the direct alkylation of a ketone containing compound by the production of an enolate ion. The alpha hydrogen to the ketone group which is weakly acidic can be deprotonated in the presence of a base. LDA is a mild base that converts these compounds to the enolate ion. On the last step, through nucleophilic substitution by reaction with an alkyl halide with the enolate ion yields an alkyl group in the alpha position. LDA is sterically hindered therefore allowing for the production of an enolate ion without nucleophlic addition. Similarly, an ester or nitrile containing compound can also undergo this type of reaction.


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Example Question #38 : Other Reactions

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What is the product of the given reaction?

Possible Answers:

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 6.10.33 pm

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 6.07.29 pm

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 6.07.35 pm

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 6.07.32 pm

Correct answer:

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 6.10.33 pm

Explanation:

The reaction given involves the direct alkylation of a ketone containing compound by the production of an enolate ion. The alpha hydrogen to the ketone group which is weakly acidic can be deprotonated in the presence of a base. LDA is a mild base that converts these compounds to the enolate ion. On the last step, through nucleophilic substitution by reaction with an alkyl halide with the enolate ion yields an alkyl group in the alpha position. LDA is sterically hindered therefore allowing for the production of an enolate ion without nucleophlic addition. Similarly, an ester or nitrile containing compound can also undergo this type of reaction.

Screen shot 2016 01 27 at 6.07.10 pm

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