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Example Questions
Example Question #1 : Muscle Identification
What are the main muscles responsible for keeping an upright spinal position?
The levatores costarum
The rhomboids
The erector spinae
The latissimus dorsi
The erector spinae
While all of the muscles listed are part of the structure and mobility of the back, the main muscle group responsible for maintaining erect posture in the erector spinae.
Example Question #35 : Musculoskeletal System And Anatomy
Which of the following is not a part of the erector spinae muscle group?
The trapezius
The iliocostalis
The longissimus
The spinalis
The trapezius
The main muscle groups that make up the erector spinae are the iliocostalis muscles, the longissimus muscles, and the spinalis. The trapezius is not a part of the erector spinae group.
Example Question #31 : Musculoskeletal System And Anatomy
Which of the following is a muscle of mastication?
All of these
The temporalis
The medial pterygoid
The lateral pterygoid
All of these
Mastication relies on four major muscles: the masseter, the temporalis, the medial pterygoid, and the lateral pterygoid.
Example Question #32 : Musculoskeletal System And Anatomy
Which of the following cranial nerve (CN) innervates the genioglossus?
CN XII (the hypoglossal nerve)
CN IX (the glossopharyngeal nerve)
CN IV (the trochlear nerve)
CN VII (the facial nerve)
CN XII (the hypoglossal nerve)
The genioglossus, the main muscle that protrudes the tongue, is innervated by the hypoglossal nerve, or CN XII.
Example Question #31 : Musculoskeletal System And Anatomy
What is the origin of the inferior oblique muscle of the eye?
The annulus of Zinn
The maxilla
The sphenoid bone
The infra-orbital margin
The maxilla
The inferior oblique muscle of the eye, an extrinsic muscle that externally rotates and abducts the eye, has it's origin on the orbital surface of the maxilla.
Example Question #31 : Musculoskeletal System And Anatomy
What is the action of the sternocleidomastoid?
Extend the neck
Laterally flex the neck
All of these are correct
Accessory respiratory muscle
All of these are correct
The sternocleidomastoid, a long muscle that originates on the manubrium and the clavicle and inserts into the mastoid process, has several functions: when functioning unilaterally, it rotates the head, flexes the neck, and laterally flexes the neck. When functioning bilaterally, this muscle also extends the neck and is an accessory respiratory muscle.
Example Question #521 : Nclex
Calcium is required for all of the following except __________.
nerve conduction
blood clotting
All of these require calcium
muscle contraction
All of these require calcium
Calcium is essential for many processes of the body, including but not limited to nerve conduction, muscle contraction, blood clotting, and bone mineralization.
Example Question #1 : Bone Physiology
Which of the following lists the zones of endochondral ossification in the correct order?
Resting, proliferation, maturation, calcification, ossification
Maturation, proliferation, resting, ossification, calcification
Proliferation, maturation, resting, calcification, ossification
Proliferation, calcification, maturation, ossification, resting
Resting, proliferation, maturation, calcification, ossification
There are five distinct zones in regions of endochondral ossification. These are the resting zone, the zone of proliferation, the zone of maturation, the zone of calcification, and the zone of ossification.
Example Question #522 : Nclex
In what zone of endochondral ossification do the chondrocytes typically die off, leaving cavities for colonization by osteoprogenitor cells?
The zone of ossification
The zone of calcification
The zone of proliferation
The zone of maturation
The resting zone
The zone of calcification
The behavior of cells in the zones of endochondral ossification is as follows:
- The resting zone: normal resting chondrocytes within hyaline cartilage
- The zone of proliferation: rapid mitosis of chondrocytes
- The zone of maturation: hypertrophy of chondrocytes
- The zone of calcification: the death of chondrocytes due to lack of nutrients and inability to eliminate cellular wastes
- The zone of ossification: migration of osteoprogenitor cells into the cavities left behind by dead chondrocytes and mineralization of newly formed bone
Example Question #221 : General Biology
Which of the following mineral gives bone it's rigid structure?
Collagen
Phosphate
Hydroxyapatite
Calcium
Hydroxyapatite
The rigid structure of bone is created by hydroxyapatite, a calcium apatite that contains both calcium and phosphate in the formula:Ca5(PO4)3(OH). Both calcium and phosphate are necessary to create bone structure—a deficiency of either will degrade the structural integrity of the bone matrix. Last, collagen is a protein rather than a mineral, and primarily functions to add flexibility to bone in order to prevent fracture.
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