High School Biology : DNA Structure
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Example Questions
Example Question #71 : Dna, Rna, And Proteins
Which of the following best describes an allele?
Genotype
A variant form of a gene
A gene
A gene locus
A variant form of a gene
An allele is a variant or alternative form of a gene or gene locus. Humans are diploid—we have two alleles at each genetic locus. One allele is inherited from the mother and one allele comes from the father. Sometimes different alleles can lead to different phenotypic traits (e.g. eye color); however, most genetic variations result in little to no observable variation. An organism is considered homozygous if it possesses two of the same alleles at a particular locus. If the alleles are different, then the organism is considered heterozygous.
Example Question #72 : Dna, Rna, And Proteins
DNA is found in which of the following?
Amino acids
Chromosomes
Proteins
RNA
Chromosomes
DNA—deoxyribonucleic acid—is found in chromosomes within a cell’s nucleus. A complete set of DNA (i.e. 46 chromosomes) is called a genome. DNA contains instructions that make humans different from other species and other individuals. DNA provides instructions for all the proteins that the body makes and is passed from adults to offspring. DNA cannot get out of the nucleus; however, RNA can. RNA is used to get the instructions from DNA out of the nucleus and into the site of protein synthesis: the ribosomes within the cytoplasm. Proteins are made of amino acids and determine the structure and function of all of the body’s cells.
Example Question #51 : Dna Structure
Which of the following answers best describes the human genome.
The human genome consists of about 3.2 million base pairs and it has 23 (pairs of) chromosomes of equal length with widely varying numbers of genes. The genes can be transcribed into mRNA and then translated into protein.
The human genome consists of approximately 3.2 billion base pairs, has 23 (pairs of) chromosomes, and approximately 25,000 genes. The genes are arranged end to end along the contiguous DNA strand. Chromosomes are much shorter segments within the genes and can be transcribed into mRNA. Messenger RNA is then translated into protein.
The human genome consists of approximately 3.2 billion base pairs, has 23 (pairs of) chromosomes, and approximately 25,000 genes. The chromosomes are arranged end to end along the contiguous DNA strand. Genes are much shorter segments within the chromosomes and can be translated into mRNA. Messenger RNA is then transcribed into protein.
The human genome consists of approximately 3.2 billion base pairs, has 23 (pairs of) chromosomes, and approximately 25,000 genes. The chromosomes are arranged end to end along the contiguous DNA strand. Genes are much shorter segments within the chromosomes and can be transcribed into mRNA. Messenger RNA is then translated into protein.
The human genome consists of about 3.2 million base pairs and it has 23 (pairs of) genes of equal length with widely varying numbers of chromosomes. The chromosomes can be transcribed into mRNA and then translated into protein.
The human genome consists of approximately 3.2 billion base pairs, has 23 (pairs of) chromosomes, and approximately 25,000 genes. The chromosomes are arranged end to end along the contiguous DNA strand. Genes are much shorter segments within the chromosomes and can be transcribed into mRNA. Messenger RNA is then translated into protein.
The human genome can be described as a chain of nucleotides that is 3.2 billion base pairs long. Twenty-three different lengths that are called chromosomes segment this string of material. Genes further segment the chromosomes. The chromosomes vary in length and so do their genes. DNA of a gene on a certain part of a certain chromosome can be transcribed into mRNA, which is then translated into protein. The number of genes in our genome has been highly contested. It was originally believed that humans had over 100,000 genes. This number declined as we learned more about our genome and was more or less standardized to be around 25,000 upon completion of the Human Genome Project.
Example Question #11 : Understanding Chromosomes And Genes
A genome is best described as which of the following?
The free floating DNA found outside the nucleus
A mapping unit for DNA
The DNA specifically found in bacterial cells
A computer system for storing DNA information
The entire set of DNA found within all chromosomes
The entire set of DNA found within all chromosomes
Based on the definition of genome, it is the entire set of DNA found within all the chromosomes an organism contains. The human genome is contained on 23 pairs of chromosomes, which code for about 25,000 genes.
Example Question #51 : Dna Structure
Which of the following is not true about DNA?
DNA is negatively charged
DNA is made of amino acids
DNA is double-stranded
DNA wraps around histone proteins to form a compact structure
DNA nucleotides bond via hydrogen bonding
DNA is made of amino acids
DNA nucleotides bond via hydrogen bonding to form the double helix structure. DNA is negatively charged due to the phosphates and binds to histones to form compact chromosomes in the nucleus.
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