When determining the complementary strand, remember that it will be written in the opposite direction of the template strand. This means that the new strand's 5' end will begin at the 3' end of the template strand. The complementary strand will also be composed of the nucleotides that complete the base pairs found in DNA (A-T and C-G).

Template: 5'-GCCTCATGA-3'

Answer:     5'-TCATGAGGC-3'

To see these pairs match up, the 3' end of the answer must align with the 5' end of the template.

Template:       5'-GCCTCATGA-3'

Answer (3'-5'): 3'-CGGAGTACT-5'

There are two classes of bases in DNA and RNA: purines and pyrimidines. The difference between these classes is the structure of the base. Purines have two rings in their structure, while pyrimidines have only one. Purines will pair with pyrimidines.

The purines are adenine and guanine, and the pyrimidines are thymine, cytosine, and uracil. You can remember that the bases that contain a "y" are pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine).

There are four nitrogenous bases in DNA: adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine. A nucleotide is composed of one of these bases bound to a deoxyribose sugar and a phosphate group. Polymers of nucleotides form strands of DNA, which adhere to one another by hydrogen bonding between the bases.

Each strand of DNA is unique and may contain any ratio of the nitrogenous bases, but strands of DNA will always be complementary to one another. The structure of the bases requires that adenine bind to thymine and cytosine bind to guanine to maintain the structural integrity of the DNA molecule. RNA does not contain thymine, and instead uses uracil.

There are four bases in DNA: adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine. Adenine always pairs with thymine, so the number of adenine residues always equals the number of thymine residues. Guanine always pairs with cytosine, which means they are always present in equal amounts as well. If one strand contains three cytosine bases and five thymine bases, then the opposite strand must contain three guanine bases and five adenine bases.

The trick to this problem is remembering that the sum of all four bases by percentage must be 100%.

We know that 30% of the bases are cytosine. Since cytosine pairs with guanine, there is also 30% guanine.

That leave us with 40% of the bases being thymine and adenine.

Since adenine and thymine will be equal, each will represent 20% of the DNA composition.

A nucleotide is the building block of nucleic acids (a type of macromolecule). It is made up of three main parts: phosphate group(s), pentose sugar, and a nitrogenous base (adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine, or uracil). The amount of phosphate groups, the type of pentose sugar, and the type of nitrogenous base varies based on the nucleotide. For example, RNA contains ribose sugar whereas DNA contains deoxyribose sugar.

Arginine is a type of amino acid. Recall that amino acids are found in polypeptide chains that make up proteins (another type of macromolecule); therefore, arginine is found in proteins rather than nucleic acids.

The main difference between a nucleotide and a nucleoside is the presence or absence of phosphate group(s). A nucleotide contains one or more phosphate groups, a pentose sugar, and a nitrogenous base. A nucleoside, on the other hand, contains only a pentose sugar and a nitrogenous base; therefore, a nucleotide always contains more phosphate groups than a nucleoside.

NADH is a coenzyme that functions to carry electrons during metabolism. It is made up of adenine (a nitrogenous base), nicotinamide (a modified nitrogenous base), two phosphate groups, and two pentose sugars. Since it contains nitrogenous bases, phosphate groups, and pentose sugars it is a type of nucleotide.

cAMP, or cyclic adenosine monophosphate, is a second messenger molecule that facilitates signal transduction inside the cell. It is made up of adenine, a phosphate group, and a pentose sugar (ribose); therefore, it is also a type of nucleotide.

Acetylcholine is a type of neurotransmitter that plays a key role in signal transmission between neurons. Acetylcholine does not contain the three essential groups for a nucleotide; therefore, acetylcholine is not a nucleotide.

To answer this question you need to know the difference between a nucleotide and a DNA backbone. A nucleotide is the monomer of nucleic acids and is made up of phosphate group(s), a pentose sugar, and a nitrogenous base. A DNA molecule is a type of nucleic acid and is made up of several nucleotides.

DNA has two different structural divisions: the DNA backbone and the nitrogenous bases. The DNA backbone consists of the phosphate groups and pentose sugars, whereas the bases consist of only the nitrogenous bases. This means that the DNA backbone does not contain any nitrogenous bases; therefore, nucleotide contains more nitrogenous bases than the DNA backbone.

Since the full DNA molecules has several nucleotides, the DNA backbone contains multiple phosphate groups and pentose sugars; therefore, the DNA backbone always contains more phosphate groups and pentose sugars than a nucleotide molecule.

The four nitrogenous bases found in DNA are: thymine, cytosine, adenine, and guanine. Uracil is a nitrogenous base that takes the place of thymine in RNA. Note that uracil only base pairs with adenine, forming two hydrogen bonds.

DNA contains four nitrogen bases: adenine, thiamine, guanine and cytosine. Adenine and thymine pair, and guanine and cytosine pair. Adenine and thiamine form two hydrogen bonds, and guanine and cytosine form three hydrogen bonds. In RNA, uracil takes thiamine's and binds with adenine.