The Polynesian subject matter and smooth brush style indicate that this is a Paul Gauguin. While Gauguin and van Gogh were close contemporaries, their styles of painting vary greatly. Gauguin is closely related to Cézanne, however the subject matter and lack of geometric brush strokes indicate that Cézanne could not be the artist. Matisse and Chagall both do not relate.

While van Gogh studied with impressionists, the vast majority of his work does not reflect the tenets of impressionism. Where he works with block and absolute color, the impressionists mixed their color to match the exact refracted light at exact times of day. Since the majority of his work comes after the short-lived impressionist period, he would be considered Post-Impressionist. De Stijl, Vienna Secession, and Dada all do not relate. This piece is called Cypresses it was written in (1889).

van Gogh, while Flemish, spent the vast majority of his life in France. In order to solve this question you needed to identify the piece as having been painted by van Gogh, and to know that he spent the vast majority of his active painting career in France.

While Gauguin is often considered a post-impressionist artist with ties to the impressionists, his work in French Polynesia (Tahiti) is considered primitivist. This was a style in the second half of the nineteenth century, particularly popular amongst artists with ties to European colonies.

While subject matter and mystical elements apply to the bottom painting, they do not apply to the top painting. In addition, there is no way to know if the time spent on the paintings differs from those of the impressionists. Moreover, color is not necessarily a good indicator (particularly for the top painting). The best answer is the treatment of paint.  Both van Gogh and Gauguin used paint far more aggressively than their impressionist counterparts.

Van Gogh's Cypresses was painted in 1889 and Gauguin's Where Do We Come From?  What Are We?  Where Are We Going? was painted in 1897.

Given the intense brush style and treatment of landscape and subject, this piece is a van Gogh. Manet and Monet were impressionists, and this work is post-impressionist. Schiele does not fit the time period or the style.

van Gogh often referred to cypress trees as Egyptian obelisks, drawing connections to ancient history in his work. In his cypress tree paintings, he was fascinated by the dark, vertical nature of these trees in bright surroundings.

The answer is Romanticism. Romanticism was in many ways a reaction to the Industrial Revolution and the Age of Enlightenment, as many artists during that time felt as though society had become too rational, exact and scientific. Romanticism praised and sought to express deep emotion—even negative emotions like fear and apprehension—and the concept of nature and the natural world. Romanticism also celebrated heroic or daring individuals, as they were seen as superior members of society. The art, literature, and music of this time period reflects these sentiments.

Many elements of this 1877 painting, The Saint Lazare Station, bear the hallmarks of the school of art known as Impressionism. The visible brushstrokes, soft colors in order to mimic natural light and the relatively mundane setting of a train station are all signature elements of Impressionism. The only answer choice who was a key member of the Impressionist movement is Claude Monet.

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