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PSAT Math : Exponents

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Example Questions

Example Question #61 : Exponential Operations

Simplify: $x^{5}\cdot x^{2}$

Possible Answers:

$x^{10}$

$x^{7}$

This expression cannot be simplified any further

$2x^{7}$

$2x^{10}$

Correct answer:

$x^{7}$

Explanation:

When you are multiplying and the bases are the same, you add the exponents together. Because both bases are you add 5+2=7 as your new exponent. You then keep the same base, , to the 7th power.

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Example Question #61 : How To Multiply Exponents

Solve for :

$\sqrt[3]{x-3} = 2$

Possible Answers:

$None\ of\ the\ above$

Correct answer:

Explanation:

$\left ( \sqrt[3]{x-3} \right )^{3} = 2^{3}$

Now the left side equals x-3 and the right side equals 8. Hence:

x-3 = 8

Therefore must be equal to 11.

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Example Question #1 : How To Find The Square Of A Sum

Simplify the radical.

$\sqrt{3283}$

Possible Answers:

$56$

$7\sqrt{63}$

$7\sqrt{67}$

$67\sqrt{49}$

$57.3$

Correct answer:

$7\sqrt{67}$

Explanation:

We can break the square root down into 2 roots of 67 and 49. 49 is a perfect square and reduces to 7.

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Example Question #2 : Squaring / Square Roots / Radicals

Expand:

$\left ( 10x+ \frac{1}{5}\right )^{2}$

Possible Answers:

$100x^{2} + 4x + \frac{1}{25}$

$100x^{2} + 2x + \frac{1}{10}$

$100x^{2} + \frac{1}{10}$

$100x^{2} + \frac{1}{25}$

$100x^{2} + 2x + \frac{1}{25}$

Correct answer:

$100x^{2} + 4x + \frac{1}{25}$

Explanation:

Use the perfect square trinomial pattern, setting $A = 10x , B = \frac{1}{5}$ :

$(A + B)^{2} = A^{2} + 2AB + B ^{2}$

$\left ( 10x + \frac{1}{5} \right )^{2} = (10x)^{2} + 2 (10x) \left ( \frac{1}{5} \right ) + \left ( \frac{1}{5} \right ) ^{2}$

$= 100x^{2} + 4x + \frac{1}{25}$

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Example Question #3 : How To Find The Square Of A Sum

If $\left (5 x^{2 } - x + 1\right )^{2}$ is expanded, what is the coefficient of $x^{2}$ ?

Possible Answers:

There is no $x^{2}$ term in the expansion of $\left (5 x^{2 } - x + 1\right )^{2}$ .

Correct answer:

Explanation:

$\left (5 x^{2 } - x + 1\right )^{2}$

$= \left (5 x^{2 } - x + 1\right ) \left (5 x^{2 } - x + 1\right )$

$= 5 x^{2 } \left (5 x^{2 } - x + 1\right ) - x \left (5 x^{2 } - x + 1\right ) + 1 \left (5 x^{2 } - x + 1\right )$

$= 5 x^{2 } \cdot 5 x^{2 } - 5 x^{2 } \cdot x + 5x^{2 } \cdot 1 - x \cdot 5 x^{2 }+ x \cdot x - x \cdot 1+ 1\cdot 5 x^{2 } - 1 \cdot x + 1\cdot 1$

$= 25 x^{4 } - 5 x^{3 } + 5x^{2 } - 5 x^{3 }+ x ^{2 } - x + 5 x^{2 } - x + 1$

$= 25 x^{4 } - 5 x^{3 } - 5 x^{3 } + 5x^{2 }+ 5 x^{2 } + x ^{2 } - x - x + 1$

$= 25 x^{4 } -10 x^{3 } + 11 x^{2 } -2 x + 1$

The coefficient of $x^{2}$ is therefore 11.

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Example Question #2 : How To Find The Square Of A Sum

If $\left (5 x^{2 } - x + 1\right )^{2}$ is expanded, what is the coefficient of $x^{3}$ ?

Possible Answers:

There is no $x^{3}$ term in the expansion of $\left (5 x^{2 } - x + 1\right )^{2}$ .

Correct answer:

Explanation:

$\left (5 x^{2 } - x + 1\right )^{2}$

$= \left (5 x^{2 } - x + 1\right ) \left (5 x^{2 } - x + 1\right )$

$= 5 x^{2 } \left (5 x^{2 } - x + 1\right ) - x \left (5 x^{2 } - x + 1\right ) + 1 \left (5 x^{2 } - x + 1\right )$

$= 5 x^{2 } \cdot 5 x^{2 } - 5 x^{2 } \cdot x + 5x^{2 } \cdot 1 - x \cdot 5 x^{2 }+ x \cdot x - x \cdot 1+ 1\cdot 5 x^{2 } - 1 \cdot x + 1\cdot 1$

$= 25 x^{4 } - 5 x^{3 } + 5x^{2 } - 5 x^{3 }+ x ^{2 } - x + 5 x^{2 } - x + 1$

$= 25 x^{4 } - 5 x^{3 } - 5 x^{3 } + 5x^{2 }+ 5 x^{2 } + x ^{2 } - x - x + 1$

$= 25 x^{4 } -10 x^{3 } + 11 x^{2 } -2 x + 1$

The coefficient of $x^{3}$ is therefore 10.

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Example Question #3 : Squaring / Square Roots / Radicals

Expand:

$\left ( 10x+ 0.8\right )^{2}$

Possible Answers:

$100x^{2} + 1.6x + 6.4$

$100x^{2}+8x + 0.64$

$100x^{2} + 16x + 0.64$

$100x^{2} +0. 16x + 0.064$

$100x^{2} +0.8x+ 6.4$

Correct answer:

$100x^{2} + 16x + 0.64$

Explanation:

Use the perfect square trinomial pattern, setting A = 10x , B = 0.8 :

$(A + B)^{2} = A^{2} + 2AB + B ^{2}$

$(10x + 0.8)^{2} = \left (10x \right )^{2} + 2 \cdot 10x \cdot 0.8 + 0.8^{2}$

$(10x + 0.8)^{2} = 100x^{2} + 16x + 0.64$

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Example Question #1 : Squaring / Square Roots / Radicals

x² = 36

Quantity A: x

Quantity B: 6

Possible Answers:

The two quantities are equal

Quantity B is greater

The relationship cannot be determined from the information given

Quantity A is greater

Correct answer:

The relationship cannot be determined from the information given

Explanation:

x² = 36 -> it is important to remember that this leads to two answers.

x = 6 or x = -6.

If x = 6: A = B.

If x = -6: A < B.

Thus the relationship cannot be determined from the information given.

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Example Question #1 : Factoring Squares

According to Heron's Formula, the area of a triangle with side lengths of a, b, and c is given by the following:

where s is one-half of the triangle's perimeter.

What is the area of a triangle with side lengths of 6, 10, and 12 units?

Possible Answers:

12√5

4√14

8√14

48√77

14√2

Correct answer:

8√14

Explanation:

We can use Heron's formula to find the area of the triangle. We can let a = 6, b = 10, and c = 12.

In order to find s, we need to find one half of the perimeter. The perimeter is the sum of the lengths of the sides of the triangle.

Perimeter = a + b + c = 6 + 10 + 12 = 28

In order to find s, we must multiply the perimeter by one-half, which would give us (1/2)(28), or 14.

Now that we have a, b, c, and s, we can calculate the area using Heron's formula.

Hero2

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Example Question #1 : New Sat Math No Calculator

Simplify the radical expression.

$\sqrt[3]{-64x^{6}y^{12}}$

Possible Answers:

2ix^3y^4

$-4x^{2}y^{4}$

4ix^2y^4

-2x^3y^4

Correct answer:

$-4x^{2}y^{4}$

Explanation:

$\sqrt[3]{-64x^{6}y^{12}}$

Look for perfect cubes within each term. This will allow us to factor out of the radical.

$\sqrt[3]{-64}*\sqrt[3]{x^6}*\sqrt[3]{y^{12}}$

$\sqrt[3]{-4*-4*-4}*\sqrt[3]{x^2*x^2*x^2}*\sqrt[3]{y^4*y^4*y^4}$

Simplify.

$-4x^{2}y^4$

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PSAT Math : Exponents

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for PSAT Math

All PSAT Math Resources

Example Questions

Example Question #61 : Exponential Operations

Example Question #61 : How To Multiply Exponents

Example Question #1 : How To Find The Square Of A Sum

Example Question #2 : Squaring / Square Roots / Radicals

Example Question #3 : How To Find The Square Of A Sum

Example Question #2 : How To Find The Square Of A Sum

Example Question #3 : Squaring / Square Roots / Radicals

Example Question #1 : Squaring / Square Roots / Radicals

Example Question #1 : Factoring Squares

Example Question #1 : New Sat Math No Calculator

All PSAT Math Resources

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