NCLEX : Musculoskeletal System and Anatomy
Study concepts, example questions & explanations for NCLEX
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Example Questions
Example Question #6 : Muscle Identification
Which of the following muscles controls the amplitude of sound waves in the inner ear?
The ciliary muscles
The lateral rectus
The stapedius
The auriculares
The stapedius
The stapedius, the smallest muscle in the human body, controls the amplitude of sound vibrations pulling on the neck of the stapes.The auriculares move the ears. The ciliary muscle and the lateral rectus are both muscles of the eye.
Example Question #2 : Muscle Identification
What is the action of the superior oblique muscle of the eye?
Externally rotates the eye
Depresses and internally rotates the eye
Elevates the eyelid
Elevates the eye
Depresses and internally rotates the eye
The superior oblique originates on the annulus of Zinn and inserts into the outer posterior eye. It's action is to depress and internally rotate the eye.
Example Question #1 : Muscle Identification
Which of the following innervates the platysma?
The facial nerve (CN VII)
The mylohyoid nerve
The vagus nerve
The motor accessory nerve
The facial nerve (CN VII)
The platysma, a sheet-like muscle that traverses the neck from the clavicle to the mouth and jaw, is innervated by the cervical branch of the facial nerve (CN VII).
Example Question #3 : Muscle Identification
Which of the following muscles has its origin on the mastoid process of the temporal bone?
The rectus capitis posterior major
The splenius capitis
The semispinalis capitis
The rectus capitis posterior minor
The splenius capitis
The splenius capitis, one of the main extenders of the neck, has it's origin on the mastoid process of the temporal bone. The rectus capitis posterior minor, the rectus capitis posterior major, and the semispinalis capitis all originate on the nuchal line of the occipital bone.
Example Question #10 : Muscle Identification
What are the main muscles responsible for keeping an upright spinal position?
The levatores costarum
The rhomboids
The latissimus dorsi
The erector spinae
The erector spinae
While all of the muscles listed are part of the structure and mobility of the back, the main muscle group responsible for maintaining erect posture in the erector spinae.
Example Question #521 : Nclex
Which of the following is not a part of the erector spinae muscle group?
The iliocostalis
The longissimus
The trapezius
The spinalis
The trapezius
The main muscle groups that make up the erector spinae are the iliocostalis muscles, the longissimus muscles, and the spinalis. The trapezius is not a part of the erector spinae group.
Example Question #521 : Nclex
Which of the following is a muscle of mastication?
The lateral pterygoid
The temporalis
The medial pterygoid
All of these
All of these
Mastication relies on four major muscles: the masseter, the temporalis, the medial pterygoid, and the lateral pterygoid.
Example Question #523 : Nclex
Which of the following cranial nerve (CN) innervates the genioglossus?
CN VII (the facial nerve)
CN IV (the trochlear nerve)
CN IX (the glossopharyngeal nerve)
CN XII (the hypoglossal nerve)
CN XII (the hypoglossal nerve)
The genioglossus, the main muscle that protrudes the tongue, is innervated by the hypoglossal nerve, or CN XII.
Example Question #524 : Nclex
What is the origin of the inferior oblique muscle of the eye?
The annulus of Zinn
The maxilla
The sphenoid bone
The infra-orbital margin
The maxilla
The inferior oblique muscle of the eye, an extrinsic muscle that externally rotates and abducts the eye, has it's origin on the orbital surface of the maxilla.
Example Question #31 : Musculoskeletal System And Anatomy
What is the action of the sternocleidomastoid?
Extend the neck
Accessory respiratory muscle
All of these are correct
Laterally flex the neck
All of these are correct
The sternocleidomastoid, a long muscle that originates on the manubrium and the clavicle and inserts into the mastoid process, has several functions: when functioning unilaterally, it rotates the head, flexes the neck, and laterally flexes the neck. When functioning bilaterally, this muscle also extends the neck and is an accessory respiratory muscle.
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