All AP Statistics Resources
Example Questions
Example Question #1 : Statistical Patterns And Random Phenomena
150 students are athletes at the school. 65 play baseball, 15 play basketball, and 10 play both basketball and baseball.
What is the probability that a randomly selected athlete will play either baseball or basketball or both sports?
We want to know the probability of multiple possible outcomes that are not mutually exclusive. To do this, we use the addition rule with one step that we would not use if the possible outcomes were mutually exclusive. Add the probabilities of each possible outcome, subtract from that sum the number counted twice, then reduce the answer to the least common denominator.
Example Question #2 : Probability
At a business conference, one participant was selected to give a presentation. There were total participants. had business degrees and did not. were entrepreneurs and were not. of those with business degrees were entrepreneurs. What is the probability that the person selected will have a business degree or be an entrepreneur?
We want to know the probability of multiple possible outcomes that are not mutually exclusive. To do this, we use the addition rule with one step that we would not use if the possible outcomes were mutually exclusive.
Add the probabilities of each possible outcome, subtract from that sum the number counted twice, then reduce the answer to the least common denominator. In our case, we are told that 2 of those who have a business degree are also entrepreneurs therefore we need to subtract to from the total to get the correct probability.
Example Question #1 : Probability
In a standard deck of playing cards, what is the probability that the first card drawn is a face card (a king, queen or jack) or a diamond?
Bear in mind how the addition rule applies here. This will be a lengthy application, but applied properly, it will see you through this problem. It helps to think of this as four events that are not mutually exclusive - drawing a queen, drawing a jack, drawing a king or drawing a diamond. We then realize that we have to avoid counting the king, queen and jack of diamonds twice.
Example Question #2 : Statistical Patterns And Random Phenomena
Students collected 150 cans for a food drive. There were 23 cans of corn, 48 cans of beans, and 12 cans of tomato sauce. If a student randomly selects one can to give away, what is the probability that the can will be either tomato sauce or beans?
In this case, we want to know the probability of multiple, mutually exclusive possible outcomes. The possible outcomes are mutually exclusive because one can of food could not be both beans and tomato sauce. To determine the probability of the two possible outcomes, add them together and then find the least common denominator.
Example Question #11 : Rules Of Probability
When rolling a 6 sided dice, what is the probability of rolling a 2 or a 4?
In the single roll of a dice, rolling a 2 is mutually exclusive of rolling a 4. When a question asks for the probability of event A "or" event B, the probability is the sum of each event.
First, find the probability of each individual event.
Because the problem asks for a 2 OR a 4, add the indivual probabilities together.
Example Question #11 : Probability
A magician has a bag containing 13 black marbles, 1 red marble, 1 green marble, 1 blue marble, and 1 yellow marble. What is the probability that the magician draws a red or a green marble?
In the draw of a marble, picking a red is mutually exclusive of picking a green marble. When a question asks for the probability of event A "or" event B, the probability is the sum of each event.
First, find the probability of each event occuring.
Because the problem asks for the probability of either red OR green, we add the two probabilities.
Example Question #11 : How To Use The Addition Rule
A person is drawing a single card from a regular deck of 52 cards. What is the probability that they draw a heart or a spade?
None of the other asnwers are correct.
In a single draw of a card, drawing a heart is mutually exclusive of drawing a spade, so we can use the addition rule to find the probability of a heart of a spade.
First, you must find the probability of each seperate event.
To find the probability of a heart or a spade, just add the probability of each event occuring.
Example Question #11 : How To Use The Addition Rule
A person draws a single card from a regular deck of 52 playing cards. What is the probability of drawing a heart or a jack?
This problem asks for the probability of one event or another, so we will be using the addition rule. Because the event drawing a heart is not mutually exclusive from the event drawing a Jack, we must subtract the probability of getting both. Otherwise, we will double-count the Jack of Hearts.
First, find the probability of each event occuring
Now, find the probability of drawing both a Jack and a Heart. There is one card that is both.
Now, solve the equation.
Example Question #12 : How To Use The Addition Rule
You have a deck of cards and you draw one card. What is the probability of drawing an ace or a spade?
You must use the addition rule of probability which is the probability of either of two dependent events happening is the sum of the probabilities of each dependent event minus the probabilty of both happening (this eliminates double counting possible out comes). The probabilty of getting an ace is and the probability of getting a spade is . The probability of getting an ace of spades is . The final answer would then be = .
Example Question #11 : Probability
Billy likes to play sports. He plays baseball 30% of his afternoons, and soccer 40%. But he gets tired so he only plays both sports in the same day 15% of the time.
How many days a week does Billy play sports? (with rounding)
Billy plays baseball 40%+football 30% gets 70%.
But he plays both 15% so:
%
Certified Tutor