AP Psychology : Sense of Self
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Example Questions
Example Question #147 : Social Psychology
Which of the following is included in Mary K. Rothbart's dimension of effortful control?
Low threshold for pleasure
Perceptual sensitivity
Control of attention
Inhibitory control
All of these
All of these
Effortful control is the third dimension of Mary K. Rothbart's model of temperament. According to Rothbart, effortful control is the highest indicator of what will predict long-term happiness. It includes a low threshold for pleasure and ability to be in control of one's desires. People who have a high effortful control will often make committed decisions and work hard.
Example Question #148 : Social Psychology
A person with an external locus of control will feel that...
Outside forces such as luck or environment are responsible for what happens to them
Their genetics or physiological makeup are responsible for what happens to them
Their thoughts are responsible for what happens to them
Their personal history is responsible for what happens to them
None of these
Outside forces such as luck or environment are responsible for what happens to them
A person with an external locus of control will feel that what happens to them in life is due to external causes. They might find themselves blaming many external factors for what happens to them or where they are in life: politics, economy, their family, friends, partners, etc. As a result, they may be much more passive in life and not take responsibility for the consequences of their own actions. However, they are less likely to be judgmental of other people's lives and suffer from the "just-world bias", the belief that people get what they deserve in life.
Example Question #149 : Social Psychology
Which of the following best defines determinism?
The belief that your genetics define who you are entirely
The belief that you control your own destiny regardless of environmental factors
The belief that God has a plan and purpose intended for everyone
The belief that the past predetermines who you are
None of these
The belief that the past predetermines who you are
Determinism, with regards to psychology, is the belief that your personal past will ultimately define who you turn out to be and the kinds of choices you will make. Determinism is a popular foundation for many psychological theories, mainly those in the behaviorist or psychoanalytic camp. There are such things as biological determinism, where genetics determine who you are, but that has little to do with determinism in psychology, which is more concerned with a person's life experiences.
Example Question #150 : Social Psychology
Which of the following is one of the five characteristics Carl Rogers identifies in a fully functioning person?
Financial and emotional stability
Existential living
Insecurity
Ignorance and prejudice
Intellectual advancement
Existential living
Carl Rogers identifies the following as the five characteristics of a fully functioning person: openness to experience, existential living, trust feelings, creativity, and a fulfilled life. For the fully functioning person, personal insecurities are worked through as they appear. Stability is not as important as being a person who can handle inevitable problems and a functioning person is open to new things in life, as opposed to being closed off and judgmental.
Existential living is when one lives in the present and is not constantly looking at the past or towards the future. That is, they are focused how they are experiencing life in the here and now, as opposed to how they did or think they will experience it.
Example Question #151 : Social Psychology
Mary K. Rothbart created the three dimensions of temperament based off of data taken from 3-12 month olds They are three fluid categories: surgency/extraversion, negative effect, and effortful control.
According to Rothbart, what negative emotion is internalizing associated with?
Fear, which will predict low levels of aggression and more internalizing problems
Shyness, which will predict more fear
Anger, which will predict high levels of aggression and self-inflicted anger
Frustration due to a low level of ability to perform in social situations
None of these
Fear, which will predict low levels of aggression and more internalizing problems
According to Rothbart, the negative emotion that is associated with internalizing is fear. Fear will predict low levels of aggression but problems associated with self-esteem and shyness. The negative emotion that is associated with externalizing is anger. Anger is directed outwards as opposed to oneself.
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