Carl Rogers' conception of the ideal self is defined as the ideal person we'd like to be and work on cultivating as we get older. This is linked to the process of self-actualization, the process of doing concrete actions that correspond with who we would like to be—our ideal selves. Carl Rogers proposes we are "self-actualized" human beings when our ideal self and actions match up.

The term “sense of self” can be used in many different ways across the theoretical spectrum. Freud would refer to it as one's psyche: the thoughts and beliefs that one has about themselves.

According to Carl Rogers, incongruity occurs when one's self-image and ideal self do not match up. In other words, the traits that we consider ourselves to possess may not match up with who we truly want to be. These could be traits within our control, such as intelligence, physical fitness, etc., or not, such as a health condition or our physical appearance. In order to deal with the negative feelings they experience due to incongruence, people will either use defense mechanisms (i.e. denial or repression) or tackle it in a proactive manner.

Adolescents are more concerned with their self-understanding than children. Erik Erikson described this period of development as "identity versus role confusion." Adolescence is the period during which we establish our identity; children do not yet think about such complex issues. Following adolescence, adults carry the identity established and continue to re-evaluate their standing and role with respect to their self-understanding.

Bem's Sex-Role Inventory (BSRI) is an antiquated system to evaluate correspondence between sex and gender, with the goal of helping to diagnose gender dysphoria or gender identity disorder. The test presents 60 personality traits, with each trait appropriated as either male or female. The individual will score himself or herself on each trait and be presented with a result of masculine, feminine, androgynous, or undifferentiated. It is important to note that the BSRI is no longer considered a valid evaluation, as our understanding of gender roles and identification has evolved.

The term that best fits the definition is the "possible self." 

Adolescents deny their negative characteristics in order to protect themselves while on their quest for self-understanding. They do not necessarily isolate themselves from all types of people, nor do all of them make many friends just because they are afraid to be alone.

Self-esteem is defined as the emotional evaluation of ones own worth or self-image. The other answer options refer to different concepts of self-evaluation. Self-concept is the evaluation of self in terms of domains like academic, athletic, physical appearance. Self-understanding is the individual's cognitive representation of self. False self is the persona a person may present to others, while realizing that it does not represent what he or she is actually thinking and feeling.

A false self is a self that a person may present to others while realizing that it does not represent what he or she is actually thinking and feeling in order to impress them. It is like a front that adolescents put up. Adolescents are more likely to exhibit their false selves when around romantic interests most likely because they are trying to impress them. They are likely to exhibit their true selves around close friends, and usually parents.

We develop a concept of ourselves through a process of considering how others perceive us and responding to how we view ourselves. This concept can change over time, but is titled a self-concept. Although there is a social component involved in that we rely on others, in part, to show us who we are, it is not termed a social-concept. Further, it is not necessarily ideal or real. As such, self-concept is the correct response.