AP Psychology : History and Research
Study concepts, example questions & explanations for AP Psychology
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Example Questions
Example Question #1715 : Ap Psychology
Which psychologist matches the given description?
This American psychologist is known for coining the term "operant conditioning"—training behavior through the use of reinforcements. This psychologist observed the proper timing of the reinforcement through the use of an apparatus that bears his name.
Albert Bandura
Jean Piaget
B.F. Skinner
Edward Thorndike
Ivan Pavlov
B.F. Skinner
The correct answer is B.F. Skinner. Skinner—a behavioral psychologist—invented the Skinner box to study the effect of reinforcement on learning. Using the Skinner box, pigeons were taught to peck at the same spot in order to be rewarded with food.
Example Question #1716 : Ap Psychology
Which psychologist matches the given description?
This psychologist's famous "bobo doll" experiment, discovered that modeling was an important aspect of leaning behavior. His experiment provided evidence that suggested that violent television shows had an effect on the level of violence seen in a child’s play behavior.
Philip Zimbardo
Leon Festinger
Albert Bandura
Alfred Binet
Alfred Adler
Albert Bandura
The correct answer is Albert Bandura. Bandura's 1961 experiment has been repeated and cited many times over the years as concerns in order to find a correlation between the prevalence of violent video games and television shows and rising trends of social violence.
Example Question #1717 : Ap Psychology
Which psychologist matches the given description?
This Swiss psychologist and Neo-Freudian thinker helped to found the field of analytic psychology. Working closely with Sigmund Freud, this psychologist became fascinated with the subconscious and began to conduct dream studies and psychoanalysis. Despite being close to Freud, this psychologist rejected Freud's emphasis on sex as a root of dysfunction and eventually deviated from many other Freudian beliefs.
Anna Freud
Wilhelm Wundt
Carl Jung
B.F. Skinner
Leon Festinger
Carl Jung
The correct answer is Carl Jung. Jung is a popular Neo-Freudian thinker, who actually studied with Freud in person. Although the two had a close friendship, problems emerged when Jung began doubting Freud's methods.
Example Question #1718 : Ap Psychology
Which psychologist matches the given description?
This German psychologist was the first to found an experimental lab for psychology. His work helped to build the foundation for cognitive psychological research.
Carl Jung
Wilhelm Wundt
Sigmund Freud
Philip Zimbardo
B.F. Skinner
Wilhelm Wundt
The correct answer is Wilhelm Wundt. Wundt was a well-known structural psychologist. His first lab was opened at the University of Leipzig in 1879. He studied three main areas—mental functioning, thoughts, images/feelings—that are now the three main areas of study in cognitive psychology.
Example Question #1719 : Ap Psychology
Which psychologist matches the given description?
This American psychologist founded the field of client-centered or "humanist" psychology. This psychologist believed that therapists should have unconditional positive regard for their clients.
Richard von Krafft-Ebing
Albert Bandura
B.F. Skinner
Carl Rogers
Philip Zimbardo
Carl Rogers
The correct answer is Carl Rogers. Rodgers was one of the first psychologists to focus on the self-actualization of his clients.
Example Question #1720 : Ap Psychology
Which psychologist matches the given description?
This Austrian psychologist is most often associated with the psychoanalytic perspective. Through free association, this psychologist diagnosed patients with many disorders including the Oedipal Complex, penis envy, and repression. This psychologist was also known for defining the id, ego, and superego—the three forces that make up a person’s psyche.
B.F. Skinner
Richard von Krafft-Ebing
Sigmund Freud
Fritz Perls
Albert Bandura
Sigmund Freud
The answer is Sigmund Freud. Freud is one of the most popular names in psychology. He is attributed with finding the psychoanalytic approach to psychology. Although many of his findings (e.g. the Oedipal Complex and penis envy) have become outdated and proven false, Freudian Psychology still remains important to the field.
Example Question #217 : History And Research
Which psychologist matches the given description?
This psychologist's Stanford Prison Experiment discovered that prison hierarchy in the American prison system had the capacity to be psychologically damaging to both the prisoners and the guards of the institutions.
Albert Bandura
Carl Jung
Richard von Krafft-Ebing
Philip Zimbardo
B.F. Skinner
Philip Zimbardo
Philip Zimbardo is the correct answer. The Stanford Prison Experiment is infamously known for going awry and ending over a week ahead of schedule. Despite having been carried out in 1971, little reform has been made in American prisons. The war crimes committed at Abu Ghraib are often compared to the findings of this study.
Example Question #34 : Influential Psychologists
Which of the following psychologist was considered to be a behaviorist?
Carl Jung
Erick Erickson
Karen Horney
B. F. Skinner
Sigmund Freud
B. F. Skinner
B. F. Skinner was the only psychologist listed that adhered to he behaviorist school of psychological inquiry. Skinner is considered to be a fundamental behavioral psychologist.
Example Question #1722 : Ap Psychology
Which of the following psychologists founded the first laboratory dedicated to psychological research in 1879?
Wilhelm Wundt
Ivan Pavlov
G. Stanley Hall
William James
Sigmund Freud
Wilhelm Wundt
Wilhelm Wundt is considered the “father of experimental psychology.” His psychological laboratory at the University of Leipzig was the first of its kind. It is because of his efforts that psychology is considered a distinct scientific discipline.
Example Question #1723 : Ap Psychology
Psychologists Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers believed in which of the following psychological perspectives?
Socio-cultural perspective
Psychoanalyst perspective
Humanist perspective
Cognitive perspective
Humanist perspective
Maslow and Rogers theorized that what an individual chooses to believe and accept to be true determines the likelihood of developing certain psychological disorders. This is a humanistic way of thinking.
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