All AP Psychology Resources
Example Questions
Example Question #141 : Biology
What neurotransmitter triggers muscle contractions?
Norepinephrine
Acetylcholine
Insulin
Serotonin
Dopamine
Acetylcholine
Acetylcholine is located at the neuromuscular junction, and it triggers muscle contraction in the body's cells. This neurotransmitter is most frequently found in neuronal cells in the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS).
Example Question #142 : Biology
Which of the following is a false statement about endorphins?
Endorphins are linked to pain centers in the body
Endorphins act similar to opiate drugs
Endorphins are linked to pleasure centers in the body
Endorphins are neurotransmitters
Endorphins are hormones
Endorphins are hormones
Endorphins are a type of neurotransmitters that are closely linked to pleasure and pain centers in the body. They are not hormones; hormones are chemical messengers that are secreted directly into the blood and travel through the body to various organs.
Example Question #143 : Biology
After suffering a stroke localized to the cerebellum, one would exhibit which of the following symptoms ___________________.
inability to regulate heart rate
inability to comprehend speech
inability to form new memories
inability to produce articulate speech
inability to coordinate movements and loss of balance
inability to coordinate movements and loss of balance
The cerebellum is located near the base of the brain. Its major function is to coordinate movement and preserve balance. Damage to this area from a stroke will prevent an individual from coordinating their movements.
Example Question #141 : Biology
What term describes the brain imaging modality that relies on magnetic fields and electrons?
EEG
EKG
MT Scan
MRI
CT Scan
MRI
An MRI is a brain imaging modality that relies on magnetic fields. Strong magnets redirect the electrons within the body to produce an image. MRIs provide useful imaging of the soft tissue structures of the brain, and can be key in finding tumors, bleeding, and other brain abnormalities.
Example Question #142 : Biology
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is characterized by impulsive behavior and an inability to concentrate. Medications used to help with symptoms of ADHD are described as ____________________.
Antipsychotics
Anti-depressants
Glutamate analogs
Anxiolytics
Stimulants
Stimulants
ADHD is a common disorder of childhood that manifests as inattentive behavior and impulsive behavior. Stimulants (such as Ritalin and amphetamines) are the first line treatment for ADHD. Stimulants increase concentration and alleviate symptoms of ADHD for many patients. They work by increasing concentrations of activating neurotransmitters.
Example Question #1 : Endocrine System
Leptin is a hormone released by fat cells that functions to __________.
create sensations of hunger
regulate appetite
decrease metabolism
create sensations of pain
increase metabolism
regulate appetite
Also known as the "starvation hormone", leptin signals the hypothalamus that the body has enough fat stored to function normally. When leptin levels are high enough, appetite is inhibited. When leptin levels are low, it indicates that we need to consume more food and appetite increases.
Example Question #143 : Biology
Which hormone is most closesly associated with stress?
Insulin
Melatonin
Cortisol
Oxytocin
Testosterone
Cortisol
Cortisol is released by the adrenal cortex, which is controlled by the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary. The hypothalamus releases corticotropin-releasing hormone, triggering the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from the anterior pituitary gland. ACTH stimulates the release of cortisol. Cortisol is released when the body is under long-term stress, such as malnutrition, dehydration, or prolonged mental stress.
Example Question #3 : Endocrine System
Which neurohormone, secreted by the pineal gland, is involved with mood, anxiety, and sleep?
Norepinephrine
Dopamine
Endorphins
Serotonin
Acetylcholine
Serotonin
The pineal gland secretes serotonin by day and converts it to melatonin at night. These chemicals affect mood, anxiety, and sleep. The pineal gland may also play a role in seasonal affective disorder, in which people are depressed during the darker days of winter. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are a class of drug that work to elevate mood by blocking the cells that breakdown serotonin, leaving it in the synapses of the nervous system for a longer period of time.
Dopamine has a neuromuscular function, as an absence is associated with Parkinson's disease. Norepinephrine has a stimulatory effect. Acetylcholine stimulates muscle cells to contract. Endorphins are the body's natural pain relievers.
Example Question #1443 : Ap Psychology
Which hormone is most closely associated with activating the "fight or flight" response?
Epinephrine
Melatonin
Norepinephrine
Estrogen
Testosterone
Epinephrine
Epinephrine, also called adrenaline, is a hormone that activates the sympathetic nervous system. This triggers our "fight or flight" response, which increases heart rate, dilates the pupil, increases blood flow to skeletal muscle, and reduces digestive and reproductive activity.
Example Question #1444 : Ap Psychology
The pituitary gland can be described as _________.
The gland that regulates the flow of liquid out of the skull
A gland used to detoxify the body
A small, non-vital gland in the endocrine system
The part of the brainstem situated just above the spinal chord
The "master gland" of the endocrine system
The "master gland" of the endocrine system
The pituitary gland is considered the "master gland" of the endocrine system. Hormones secreted from the pituitary gland help regulate growth, metabolism, and numerous other bodily functions and processes. The medulla oblongata is the part of the brainstem located just above the spinal chord.
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