AP Psychology : Biology

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for AP Psychology

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Example Questions

Example Question #1 : Endocrine System

What is the role of hormones secreted by the thymus?

Possible Answers:

To ensure the person develops healthy skin and nails, particularly during puberty

To ensure the person develops a digestive system, particularly during puberty

To ensure the person develops a digestive system, particularly during young to late adulthood 

To ensure the person develops a healthy immune system, particularly during puberty

To ensure the person develops a healthy immune system, particularly during late adulthood

Correct answer:

To ensure the person develops a healthy immune system, particularly during puberty

Explanation:

The thymus, located in the chest, is primarily responsible for secreting hormones involved with healthy immune system development. This development happens during puberty and continues afterwards.

Example Question #151 : Biology

The endocrine system links the brain to __________.

Possible Answers:

the organs involved in digestion 

the organs that control growth and development, reproduction, and body metabolism

the centers of white and red cell reproduction

the gastrointestinal tract, bowels, and reproductive organs

None of these answers are correct 

Correct answer:

the organs that control growth and development, reproduction, and body metabolism

Explanation:

The endocrine system is a system of glands that secretes hormones into the circulatory system. These hormones are directed to organs that control growth and development, reproduction, and body metabolism. It is a system that links the brain to these organs. 

Example Question #7 : Endocrine System

Which of the following are glands controlled by the endocrine system? 

Possible Answers:

All of these

Ovaries and testes

Thyroid 

Pituitary gland 

Pineal gland

Correct answer:

All of these

Explanation:

The endocrine system is a system of glands that secretes hormones into the circulatory system. These glands include the ovaries and testes, the pituitary gland, the thyroid, and pineal glands and many others, all of which control growth and development, reproduction, and body metabolism.

Example Question #1444 : Ap Psychology

Which of the following is a disease related to the endocrine system? 

Possible Answers:

Celiac disease

Sore throat

Cancer

Thyroid disease

None of these

Correct answer:

Thyroid disease

Explanation:

The endocrine system, in tandem with the central nervous system and immune system, plays a central role in maintaining a state of homeostasis throughout the body. Diseases of the endocrine system are, however, common and include diseases of the thyroid and diabetes mellitus. 

Example Question #1445 : Ap Psychology

Which of the following hormones do ovaries produce?

Possible Answers:

Just estrogen

Progesterone and estrogen

Testosterone and adrenaline

Adrenaline and estrogen

Just progesterone

Correct answer:

Progesterone and estrogen

Explanation:

The ovaries, an essential part of the female reproductive system, are responsible for producing estrogen and progesterone. 

Example Question #281 : Biology And Sensation

Which of the following glands is not included in the endocrine system?

Possible Answers:

Glands within the gastrointestinal tract

Sweat glands

None of these are included

Salivary glands

These are all included

Correct answer:

None of these are included

Explanation:

The endocrine system is a system of glands that secretes hormones into the circulatory system. These hormones are directed at organs that control growth and development, reproduction, and body metabolism. The glands that are not included, and therefore are not controlled by the endocrine system, are all of the exocrine glands. Exocrine glands include glands within the gastrointestinal tract, salivary, and sweat glands.

Example Question #152 : Biology

What chemical messenger do endocrine glands use to communicate?

Possible Answers:

GABA receptors 

Hormones

Calcium ion channels

Neurotransmitters 

Histamine 

Correct answer:

Hormones

Explanation:

Hormones are chemical messengers that are secreted by endocrine glands. These messengers may be lipophilic or hydrophilic (nonpolar or polar molecules, respectively). Hormones are stable enough to travel great distances without being degraded in the body. Because of their ability to travel great distances on occasion, they are target specific. That is, for example, a hormone may have its receptor at only one target tissue location. This specificity prevents the presence of the hormone from unintentionally activating or inhibiting processes on its journey throughout the body.

Example Question #153 : Biology

What endocrine glad is stimulated during the "fight or flight" response?

Possible Answers:

Adrenal gland 

Parathyroid gland 

Hypothalamus

Pituitary gland 

Thyroid gand 

Correct answer:

Adrenal gland 

Explanation:

The adrenal glands, which lie on top of the kidneys, are responsible for releasing epinephrine and norepinephrine—both hormones that are present in the "fight or flight" response. These hormones are responsible for the increase in blood pressure, blood sugar, and heart rate. In a simpler sense, they help produce the means and conditions necessary to generate a surge of energy for quick expenditure in times of impending peril. 

Example Question #154 : Biology

Which is the most influential endocrine gland?

Possible Answers:

Hypothalamus

Thyroid gland

Pituitary gland

Adrenal gland

Pancreas 

Correct answer:

Pituitary gland

Explanation:

The pituitary gland is also known as the “master gland” and is controlled by the hypothalamus. It is a crucial component of the endocrine system. The pituitary gland is responsible for the release of growth hormone, which stimulates physical development. It also releases oxytocin, allowing for contractions during birth and milk flow for nursing. The pituitary secretes oxytocin during pair-bonding interactions; therefore, the pituitary gland also plays an important role in the development of group cohesion and social trust. Last, the pituitary gland is also known to give secretions that will stimulate the release of hormones in other endocrine glands. 

Example Question #155 : Biology

If a person is having issues related to the regulation of the endocrine system, then they most likely have an issue associated with which of the following brain structures?

Possible Answers:

Cerebral cortex

Substantia nigra

Hypothalamus

Pons

Correct answer:

Hypothalamus

Explanation:

The hypothalamus is responsible for control of hunger, thirst, body temperature, and the endocrine system. A person experiencing issues associated with the expression and regulation of the endocrine system would most likely have an issue associated with their hypothalamus.

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