Introductory phrases precede and are subordinate to a sentence's main clause. Introductory phrases add information to a sentence, but are not necessary to the sentence being grammatically complete, and such clauses must be separated from the rest of the sentence with a comma. The best way to correct the underlined portion above is, "When you argue incessantly with your teachers, you make class difficult for all of us."

Interrupting phrases add information to a sentence, but are not necessary to the sentence being grammatically complete, and such clauses must be separated from the rest of the sentence with a comma on either end. Generally, such phrases provide context, information, or act as appositives (renaming the subject noun).

The best way to correct the example sentence is, "The young recruit, clearly the top of his class, had great promise."

Interrupting phrases add information to a sentence, but are not necessary to the sentence being grammatically complete, and such clauses must be separated from the rest of the sentence with a comma on either end. Generally, such phrases provide context, information, or, as is the case here, act as appositives (renaming or further describing the subject noun).The best way to correct the underlined portion above is, "Empathy, a rare but necessary quality, is often underrated in our society."

Introductory phrases precede and are subordinate to a sentence's main clause. Introductory phrases add information to a sentence, but are not necessary to the sentence being grammatically complete, and such clauses must be separated from the rest of the sentence with a comma.

The best way to correct the example sentence is, "When an actor is incapable of processing criticism, he deprives himself of the possibility of improvement."

Interrupting phrases add details or contextual information to a sentence, but they are not necessary to the sentence being complete. Such clauses must be separated from the rest of the sentence by with a preceding and a concluding comma.

Corrected, the example sentence reads, "Mason, easily the most cruel of all the children, frequently hits the others with blocks."

Apositives describe or rename a noun (often the subject of the sentence), and they must be enclosed with commas, since they are not grammatically necessary to a sentence's completeness. In the example sentence "the curator" is an object rather than the subject, but "the curator" is renamed by the proper noun "Mr. Paulus." The best way to correct the underlined portion above is, "You really must reach out to the curator, Mr. Paulus, for a recommendation."

Interrupting phrases or appositive phrases are subordinate and add information to a sentence or context to a sentence, but they are not necessary to the sentence being grammatically complete. Appositives also re-name or define a noun. Such phrases must be separated from the rest of the sentence by commas both before and after the phrase. The best way to correct the underlined portion above is, "I find it hard to believe that Paula, one of the most beautiful women I've ever met, can't get a date."

Introductory phrases precede and are subordinate to a sentence's main clause. Introductory phrases add information to a sentence, but are not necessary to the sentence being grammatically complete, and such clauses must be separated from the rest of the sentence with a comma.

The best way to correct the underlined portion above is, "If you do not bow when the Empress enters the room, she may have you killed."

Interrupting phrases are subordinate and add information to a sentence, but are not necessary to the sentence being complete. Because they come in the middle of a clause, such phrases must be separated from the rest of the sentence by commas. The best way to correct the underlined portion above is, "Magnus Nilsson, my favorite chef, has a restaurant in an isolated part of Sweden."

Interrupting phrases are subordinate and add information to a sentence, but are not necessary to the sentence being grammatically complete, and must be separated from the rest of the sentence by commas. Such sentences generally add describe or add context to a noun. Since "one of the finest actors of his generation" is a phrase that adds information while interrupting a clause, the best way to correct the underlined portion above is, "Daniel Day-Lewis, one of the finest actors of his generation, gave the performance of his life in the film Lincoln."