SAT Math : How to simplify an expression

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for SAT Math

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Example Questions

Example Question #101 : Expressions

a=\frac{x^2-y^2}{x-y}

If both  and  are positive, what is the simplest form of ?

Possible Answers:

xy

x+y

x^2-y^2-1

x-y

1

Correct answer:

x+y

Explanation:

x^2-y^2 can also be expressed as (x-y)(x+y))

a=\frac{(x-y)(x+y)}{x-y}=x+y

Example Question #31 : How To Simplify An Expression

Which of the following does not simplify to ?

Possible Answers:

All of these simplify to

Correct answer:

Explanation:

5x – (6x – 2x) = 5x – (4x) = x

(x – 1)(x + 2) - x2 + 2 = x2 + x – 2 – x2 + 2 = x

x(4x)/(4x) = x

(3 – 3)x = 0x = 0

Example Question #102 : Expressions

Edward is  years old. He is 5 years younger than his sister Francine. In terms of , how old will Francine be in 2 years?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

Let f = Francine's age now.  

ef – 5

f+ 5

In 2 years, Francine will be f + 2. Use our previous calculation to substitute.

f + 2 = (e + 5) + 2 = e + 7

Example Question #1 : How To Simplify An Expression

a # b = (a * b) + a

What is 3 # (4 # 1)?

Possible Answers:

27

15

12

20

8

Correct answer:

27

Explanation:

Work from the "inside" outward.  Therefore, first solve 4 # 1 by replacing a with 4 and b with 1:

4 # 1 = (4 * 1) + 4 = 4 + 4 = 8

That means: 3 # (4 # 1) = 3 # 8.  Solve this now:

3 # 8 = (3 * 8) + 3 = 24 + 3 = 27

Example Question #32 : How To Simplify An Expression

Simplify the result of the following steps, to be completed in order:

1. Add 7x to 3y

2. Multiply the sum by 4

3. Add x to the product

4. Subtract x – y from the sum

Possible Answers:

28x + 13y

28x + 12y

29x + 13y

28x + 11y

28x – 13y

Correct answer:

28x + 13y

Explanation:

Step 1: 7x + 3y

Step 2: 4 * (7x + 3y) = 28x + 12y

Step 3: 28x + 12y + x = 29x + 12y

Step 4: 29x + 12y – (x – y) = 29x + 12y – x + y = 28x + 13y

Example Question #405 : Gre Quantitative Reasoning

Which is the greater quantity: the median of 5 positive sequential integers or the mean of 5 positive sequential integers?

Possible Answers:

The relationship cannot be determined

The median is greater

The mean is greater

The quantities are equal

Correct answer:

The quantities are equal

Explanation:

If the first integer is \dpi{100} \small n, then \dpi{100} \small n+(n+1)+(n+2)+(n+3)+(n+4)=5n+10

\dpi{100} \small \frac{5n+10}{5}=n+2

This is the same as the median.

Example Question #91 : Expressions

You are told that \dpi{100} \small x can be determined from the expression:

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Determine whether the absolute value of \dpi{100} \small x is greater than or less than 2.

Possible Answers:

The relationship cannot be determined from the information given.

The quantities are equal

\dpi{100} \small |x|<2

\dpi{100} \small |x|>2

Correct answer:

\dpi{100} \small |x|>2

Explanation:

The expression is simplified as follows:

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Since \dpi{100} \small 2^{4}=16 the value of \dpi{100} \small x must be slightly greater for it to be 17 when raised to the 4th power.

Example Question #2 : How To Simplify An Expression

Which best describes the relationship between and  if ?

Possible Answers:

The relationship cannot be determined from the information given.

Correct answer:

The relationship cannot be determined from the information given.

Explanation:

Use substitution to determine the relationship.

For example, we could plug in  and .

So far it looks like the first expression is greater, but it's a good idea to try other values of x and y to be sure. This time, we'll try some negative values, say,  and .

This time the first quantity is smaller. Therefore the relationship cannot be determined from the information given.

Example Question #3 : How To Simplify An Expression

If  and , then 

Possible Answers:

Cannot be determined

Correct answer:

Explanation:

We have three variables and only two equations, so we will not be able to solve for each independent variable. We need to think of another solution.

Notice what happens if we line up the two equations and add them together. 

(x + y) + (3x – y + z) = 4x + z

and 5 + 3 = 8

Lets take this equation and multiply the whole thing by 3:

3(4x + z = 8)

Thus, 12x + 3z = 24.

Example Question #38 : How To Simplify An Expression

Express in terms of . You may assume to be positive.

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

 

 

- we throw out the other possible value, , since we assume positive.

By substituting:

 

 

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