SAT Math : Plane Geometry

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for SAT Math

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Example Questions

Example Question #371 : Sat Mathematics

In triangle ABC, the measure of angle A = 70 degrees, the measure of angle Bx degrees, and the measure of angle Cy degrees. What is the value of y in terms of x?

Possible Answers:

110 + x

70 – x

70 + x

110 – x

x – 70

Correct answer:

110 – x

Explanation:

Since the three angles of a triangle sum to 180, we know that 70 + x + y = 180. Subtract 70 from both sides and see that x + y = 110. Subtract x from both sides and see that y = 110 – x.

Example Question #1 : Other Polygons

What is the measure, in degrees, of each interior angle of a regular convex polygon that has twelve sides?

Possible Answers:

180

175

120

150

135

Correct answer:

150

Explanation:

The sum of the interior angles, in degrees, of a regular polygon is given by the formula 180(n – 2), where n is the number of sides. The problem concerns a polygon with twelve sides, so we will let n = 12. The sum of the interior angles in this polygon would be 180(12 – 2) = 180(10) = 1800.

Because the polygon is regular (meaning its sides are all congruent), all of the angles have the same measure. Thus, if we divide the sum of the measures of the angles by the number of sides, we will have the measure of each interior angle. In short, we need to divide 1800 by 12, which gives us 150.

The answer is 150.

Example Question #2 : How To Find An Angle In A Polygon

Octagon

In the figure above, polygon ABDFHGEC is a regular octagon. What is the measure, in degrees, of angle FHI?

Possible Answers:

45

50

30

60

40

Correct answer:

45

Explanation:

Angle FHI is the supplement of angle FHG, which is an interior angle in the octagon. When two angles are supplementary, their sum is equal to 180 degrees. If we can find the measure of each interior angle in the octagon, then we can find the supplement of angle FHG, which will give us the measure of angle FHI.

The sum of the interior angles in a regular polygon is given by the formula 180(n – 2), where n is the number of sides in the polygon. An octagon has eight sides, so the sum of the angles of the octagon is 180(8 – 2) = 180(6) = 1080 degrees. Because the octagon is regular, all of its sides and angles are congruent. Thus, the measure of each angle is equal to the sum of its angles divided by 8. Therefore, each angle in the polygon has a measure of 1080/8 = 135 degrees. This means that angle FHG has a measure of 135 degrees.

Now that we know the measure of angle FHG, we can find the measure of FHI. The sum of the measures of FHG and FHI must be 180 degrees, because the two angles form a line and are supplementary. We can write the following equation:

Measure of FHG + measure of FHI = 180

135 + measure of FHI = 180

Subtract 135 from both sides.

Measure of FHI = 45 degrees.

The answer is 45. 

Example Question #2 : Other Polygons

What is the measure of each angle in a regular octagon?

Possible Answers:

75

180

90

150

135

Correct answer:

135

Explanation:

An octagon contains six triangles, or 1080 degrees. This means with 8 angles, each angle is 135 degrees.

Example Question #3 : How To Find An Angle In A Polygon

What is the measure of each central angle of an octagon?

Possible Answers:

35

120

45

60

90

Correct answer:

45

Explanation:

There are 360 degrees and 8 angles, so dividing leaves 45 degrees per angle.

Example Question #1 : How To Find An Angle In A Polygon

What is the average (arithmetic mean) of all 15 interior angles of a quadrilateral, pentagon, and hexagon?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

The 4 angles of a quadrilateral add to 360

The 5 angles of a pentagon add to 540

The 6 angles of a hexagon add to 720

Example Question #2 : How To Find An Angle In A Polygon

Find the sum of the interior angles in a nonagon.

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

To solve, simply use the formula for the total degrees in a polygon, where n is the number of vertices.

In this particular case, a nonagon is a shape with nine sides and thus nine vertices.

Thus,

Example Question #371 : Plane Geometry

Which of the following cannot be the measure of an exterior angle of a regular polygon? 

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

If one exterior angle is taken at each vertex of any convex polygon, the sum of their measures is . In a regular polygon - one with congruent sides and congruent interior angles, each exterior angle is congruent to one another. If the polygon has  sides, each exterior angle has measure .

Given the common measure 

Multiplying both sides by :

and

Since  is equal to a number of sides, it is a whole number. Thus, we are looking for a value of  which, when we divide 360 by it, yields a non-whole result. We see that  is the correct choice, since'

 

A quick check confirms that 360 divided by 8, 10, 12, or 15 yields a whole result.

Example Question #11 : How To Find An Angle In A Polygon

To the nearest whole degree, give the measure of each interior angle of a regular polygon with 17 sides.

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

The measure of each interior angle of an -sided polygon can be calculated using the formula

Setting :

The correct choice is therefore .

Example Question #12 : Other Polygons

Each interior angle of a regular polygon has measure . How many sides does the polygon have?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

The easiest way to work this is arguably to examine the exterior angles, each of which forms a linear pair with an interior angle. If an interior angle measures , then each exterior angle, which is supplementary to an interior angle, measures

The measures of the exterior angles of a polygon, one per vertex, total ; in a regular polygon, they are congruent, so if there are  such angles, each measures . Since the number of vertices is equal to the number of sides, if we set this equal to  and solve for , we will find the number of sides.

Multiply both sides by :

The polygon has 72 vertices and, thus, 72 sides.

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