All PSAT Math Resources
Example Questions
Example Question #331 : Plane Geometry
Note: Figure NOT drawn to scale
Refer to the above figure, which shows a rectangular garden (in green) surrounded by a dirt path (in orange) eight feet wide throughout. What is the area of that dirt path?
The correct area is not given among the other responses.
The dirt path can be seen as the region between two rectangles. The outer rectangle has length and width 100 feet and 60 feet, respectively, so its area is
square feet.
The inner rectangle has length and width feet and feet, respectively, so its area is
square feet.
The area of the path is the difference of the two:
square feet.
Example Question #15 : How To Find The Area Of A Rectangle
Refer to the above figure, which shows a rectangular garden (in green) surrounded by a dirt path (in orange). The dirt path is seven feet wide throughout. Which of the following polynomials gives the area of the dirt path in square feet?
The area of the dirt path is the difference between the areas of the outer and inner rectangles.
The outer rectangle has area
The area of the inner rectangle can be found as follows:
The length of the garden is feet less than that of the entire lot, or
;
The width of the garden is less than that of the entire lot, or
;
The area of the garden is their product:
Now, subtract the areas:
Example Question #651 : Psat Mathematics
Two circles of a radius of each sit inside a square with a side length of . If the circles do not overlap, what is the area outside of the circles, but within the square?
The area of a square =
The area of a circle is
Area = Area of Square 2(Area of Circle) =
Example Question #651 : Psat Mathematics
If the area Rectangle A is larger than Rectangle B and the sides of Rectangle A are and , what is the area of Rectangle B?
Example Question #331 : Plane Geometry
ABCD is a parallelogram. BD = 5. The angles of triangle ABD are all equal. What is the perimeter of the parallelogram?
If all of the angles in triangle ABD are equal and line BD divides the parallelogram, then all angles in triangle BDC must be equal as well.
We now have two equilateral triangles, so all sides of the triangles will be equal.
All sides therefore equal 5.
5+5+5+5 = 20
Example Question #1 : Factoring
Factor the following variable
(x2 + 18x + 72)
(x + 18) (x + 72)
(x + 6) (x + 12)
(x – 6) (x – 12)
(x – 6) (x + 12)
(x + 6) (x – 12)
(x + 6) (x + 12)
You need to find two numbers that multiply to give 72 and add up to give 18
easiest way: write the multiples of 72:
1, 72
2, 36
3, 24
4, 18
6, 12: these add up to 18
(x + 6)(x + 12)
Example Question #2 : Variables
Factor 9x2 + 12x + 4.
(9x + 4)(9x + 4)
(9x + 4)(9x – 4)
(3x – 2)(3x – 2)
(3x + 2)(3x – 2)
(3x + 2)(3x + 2)
(3x + 2)(3x + 2)
Nothing common cancels at the beginning. To factor this, we need to find two numbers that multiply to 9 * 4 = 36 and sum to 12. 6 and 6 work.
So 9x2 + 12x + 4 = 9x2 + 6x + 6x + 4
Let's look at the first two terms and last two terms separately to begin with. 9x2 + 6x can be simplified to 3x(3x + 2) and 6x + 4 can be simplified into 2(3x + 2). Putting these together gets us
9x2 + 12x + 4
= 9x2 + 6x + 6x + 4
= 3x(3x + 2) + 2(3x + 2)
= (3x + 2)(3x + 2)
This is as far as we can factor.
Example Question #1 : How To Factor A Variable
If , and , what is the value of ?
6
–6
0
–8
8
8
The numerator on the left can be factored so the expression becomes , which can be simplified to
Then you can solve for by adding 3 to both sides of the equation, so
Example Question #2 : How To Factor A Variable
Solve for x:
First, factor.
Set each factor equal to 0
Therefore,
Example Question #3 : How To Factor A Variable
When is factored, it can be written in the form , where , , , , , and are all integer constants, and .
What is the value of ?
Let's try to factor x2 – y2 – z2 + 2yz.
Notice that the last three terms are very close to y2 + z2 – 2yz, which, if we rearranged them, would become y2 – 2yz+ z2. We could factor y2 – 2yz+ z2 as (y – z)2, using the general rule that p2 – 2pq + q2 = (p – q)2 .
So we want to rearrange the last three terms. Let's group them together first.
x2 + (–y2 – z2 + 2yz)
If we were to factor out a –1 from the last three terms, we would have the following:
x2 – (y2 + z2 – 2yz)
Now we can replace y2 + z2 – 2yz with (y – z)2.
x2 – (y – z)2
This expression is actually a differences of squares. In general, we can factor p2 – q2 as (p – q)(p + q). In this case, we can substitute x for p and (y – z) for q.
x2 – (y – z)2 = (x – (y – z))(x + (y – z))
Now, let's distribute the negative one in the trinomial x – (y – z)
(x – (y – z))(x + (y – z))
(x – y + z)(x + y – z)
The problem said that factoring x2 – y2 – z2 + 2yz would result in two polynomials in the form (ax + by + cz)(dx + ey + fz), where a, b, c, d, e, and f were all integers, and a > 0.
(x – y + z)(x + y – z) fits this form. This means that a = 1, b = –1, c = 1, d = 1, e = 1, and f = –1. The sum of all of these is 2.
The answer is 2.
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