NCLEX : NCLEX

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for NCLEX

varsity tutors app store varsity tutors android store

Example Questions

Example Question #1001 : Nclex

Which of the following is a possible cause of vaginal bleeding in early pregnancy?

Possible Answers:

Cervical ectropion

Trophoblastic disease

Spontaneous abortion/miscarriage

All of these are correct

Correct answer:

All of these are correct

Explanation:

All of these could be possible reasons for bleeding in early pregnancy, including physiologic or implantation bleeding. Bleeding may indicate threatened miscarriage or other serious condition, or it may simply be due to the implantation of the embryo into the endometrium. 

Example Question #191 : Conditions And Treatments

Which of the following terms denotes a menstrual cycle that is irregular, of shorter duration than normal, and of excessive volume or duration?

Possible Answers:

Menometrorrhagia

Metrorrhagia

Amenorrhea

Oligomenorrhea

Correct answer:

Menometrorrhagia

Explanation:

Menometrorrhagia is a term used to describe a menstrual cycle that is irregular, of shorter duration than normal, and of excessive volume or duration. Amenorrhea is the absence of a menstrual cycle. Metrorrhagia is a term for a menstrual cycle that is of normal flow duration and volume, but which is irregular and has a shorter-than normal cycle length. Oligomenorrhea describes a menstrual cycle that is longer than 35 days, often characterized by a prolonged follicular phase.

Example Question #1001 : Nclex

Pregnant individuals with gestational hypertension, proteinuria, and signs of liver or kidney dysfunction should be evaluated for what potentially life-threatening condition?

Possible Answers:

Ectopic pregnancy

Preeclampsia

Placenta previa

Gestational diabetes

Correct answer:

Preeclampsia

Explanation:

Preeclampsia is a potentially life-threatening disorder that generally includes gestational hypertension, proteinuria, edema, red-blood cell dysfunction, and signs of liver or kidney dysfunction. It is more common in weeks 32-40 and develops in 2-8% of pregnancies worldwide.

Example Question #193 : Conditions And Treatments

At what point does preeclampsia develop into eclampsia?

Possible Answers:

At the progression into seizures

When blood pressure exceeds 160/95 mmHg

At the initiation of kidney failure

When there is evidence of vascular dysregulation

Correct answer:

At the progression into seizures

Explanation:

Preeclampsia develops into eclampsia at the onset of seizures. Seizures are tonic-clonic and may appear during pregnancy, during labor, or postpartum. It is relatively rare, affecting only approximately 1.2-1.8% of pregnancies.

Example Question #194 : Conditions And Treatments

What is the most common time for miscarriages to occur?

Possible Answers:

22-28 weeks

12-20 weeks

0-12 weeks

16-24 weeks

Correct answer:

0-12 weeks

Explanation:

The most common time for miscarriage to occur is during the first trimester, between 8 and 12 weeks. This may even occur before an individual is aware that they are pregnant. Chromosomal abnormalities are identified in approximately 50% of first trimester miscarriages, while later miscarriages may be more likely in individuals with uterine malformations or cervical incompetence.

Example Question #1006 : Nclex

Which of the following is a risk for preeclampsia?

Possible Answers:

All of these

Primigravida

Diabetes

History of hypertension

Correct answer:

All of these

Explanation:

There are several risk factors for preeclampsia. These include history of hypertension, diabetes, older maternal age, first-time pregnancies (primigravida), and pregnancies with twins or multiples.

Example Question #201 : Conditions And Treatments

A labor and delivery nurse is assessing a newborn infant and notes that the infant appears to be jaundiced. What is a possible cause for this condition?

Possible Answers:

The mother's blood is Rh negative and gave birth to her second Rh positive child without receiving Rhogam during the pregnancy.

The mother has exposed the infant to an active genital herpes outbreak.

The mother had gestational diabetes causing jaundice of the infant. 

The infant is experiencing fetal alcohol syndrome, as the mother admitted to utilizing drugs and alcohol throughout the pregnancy.

The baby has been born HIV positive, as the mother was unable to afford HIV medications.

Correct answer:

The mother's blood is Rh negative and gave birth to her second Rh positive child without receiving Rhogam during the pregnancy.

Explanation:

Jaundice of a newborn may be either pathologic or physiologic. Pathologic jaundice is usually the result of Rh incompatability between the mother and the fetus. It occurs during a subsequent birth after the mother's blood has been exposed to the infant's blood during the first birth. Rhogam is given to the mother to prevent her immune system from attacking the second fetus, causing erythroblastosis fetalis and subsequent pathological jaundice. 

Example Question #202 : Conditions And Treatments

A labor and delivery nurse is monitoring a client in active labor after receiving epidural anesthetic. Upon assessing the client she notes that the patient's blood pressure has fallen to 95/75.

The nurse's first action should be?

Possible Answers:

Increase IV fluids

Obtain an ECG

Give 1 mg Epinephrine

Contact the physician immediately

Place in semi fowler's position

Correct answer:

Increase IV fluids

Explanation:

The first action should be to increase fluids, place on their left side and give oxygen. It is not necessary to contact the physician until all nursing interventions have failed. Epinephrine, a vasopressor should be reserved for emergent situations only. 

Example Question #203 : Conditions And Treatments

A 26 year old female primigravida presents to the clinic to discuss her estimated date of birth (EDB). The nurse records the client's first day of her last menstrual period as February 28th 2015. What would be her (EDB)?

Possible Answers:

December 6, 2015

November 5, 2015

December 7, 2015

December 5, 2015

November 28, 2015

Correct answer:

December 5, 2015

Explanation:

The calculation of an estimated date of birth requires applying Naegele's rule, where once determining the first day of the client's last menstral period, subtract 3 months and add 7 days and one year. 

Example Question #204 : Conditions And Treatments

A labor and delivery nurse is caring for a pregnant client that is experiencing contractions and has been on an external tocodynamometer to measure fetal heart tones as well as uterine contractions. The nurse notes that there are decreases in the fetal heart rate at different times of a contraction.

The nurse is aware that this type of finding is consistent with variable decelerations, which are indicative of which of the following?

Possible Answers:

The third stage of labor

The effects of decreased pitosin infusion

Fetal head compression during contraction

An utero-placental insufficency

A prolapsed umbilical cord or nuchal cord

Correct answer:

A prolapsed umbilical cord or nuchal cord

Explanation:

Variable decelerations can occur at any time during a contraction, or without a contraction. They are caused by the umbilical cord that is prolapsed or wrapped around the fetal neck also known as a "nuchal cord." The compression of the cord can ultimately lead to fetal hypoxia and therefore an intervention will be required to alleviate the compression. 

Learning Tools by Varsity Tutors