ISEE Middle Level Quantitative : Distributive Property

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for ISEE Middle Level Quantitative

varsity tutors app store varsity tutors android store

Example Questions

Example Question #1 : How To Find The Distributive Property

Which is the greater quantity?

(a) \displaystyle -4 (5 - y)

(b) \displaystyle 4y - 20

Possible Answers:

(a) and (b) are equal

(a) is greater

(b) is greater

It is impossible to tell from the information given

Correct answer:

(a) and (b) are equal

Explanation:

Apply the distributive and commutative properties to the expression in (a):

\displaystyle -4 (5 - y)

\displaystyle = -4 \cdot 5 - \left (-4 \right ) \cdot y

\displaystyle = -20 - \left (-4 y\right )

\displaystyle = -20+4 y

\displaystyle = 4 y +(-20)

\displaystyle = 4 y -20

The two expressions are equivalent.

Example Question #291 : Numbers And Operations

Which is the greater quantity?

(a) \displaystyle -5(x+6)

(b) \displaystyle -5x+30

Possible Answers:

(a) and (b) are equal

(a) is greater

(b) is greater

Correct answer:

(b) is greater

Explanation:

Apply the distributive property to the expression in (a):

\displaystyle -5(x+6) = -5 \cdot x+ (-5 ) \cdot 6 = -5x -30

\displaystyle -30 < 30, so \displaystyle 5x -30 < 5x+ 30 regardless of \displaystyle x.

Therefore, \displaystyle -5(x+6) < 5x+ 30

Example Question #951 : Isee Middle Level (Grades 7 8) Quantitative Reasoning

Which is the greater quantity?

(a) \displaystyle 8(y-5)

(b) \displaystyle 8y-5

Possible Answers:

(b) is greater

It is impossible to tell from the information given

(a) and (b) are equal

(a) is greater

Correct answer:

(b) is greater

Explanation:

Apply the distributive property to the expression in (a):

\displaystyle 8(y-5) = 8 \cdot y - 8 \cdot 5= 8y - 40

Since \displaystyle -40 < -5\displaystyle 8y - 40 < 8y - 5, and therefore, regardless of \displaystyle y

\displaystyle 8\left ( y - 5 \right )< 8y - 5

Example Question #1 : How To Find The Distributive Property

Which is the greater quantity?

(a) \displaystyle -7 (-10+y)

(b) \displaystyle 7y + 70

Possible Answers:

(a) and (b) are equal

It is impossible to tell from the information given

(b) is greater

(a) is greater

Correct answer:

It is impossible to tell from the information given

Explanation:

We show that there is at least one value of \displaystyle y that makes the (a) greater and at least one that makes (b) greater:

Case 1: \displaystyle y = 1

(a) \displaystyle -7 (-10+y) = -7 (-10+1) = -7 (-9) = 63

(b) \displaystyle 7y + 70 = 7 \cdot 1 + 70 = 7 + 70 = 77

(b) is greater here

Case 2: \displaystyle y =- 1

(a) \displaystyle -7 (-10-y) = -7 (-10-1) = -7 (-11) = 77

(b) \displaystyle 7y + 70 = 7 \cdot \left ( -1 \right )+ 70 = -7 + 70 = 63

(a) is greater here

Example Question #2 : How To Find The Distributive Property

Which of the following is equivalent to \displaystyle 8y + 4z ?

Possible Answers:

\displaystyle 4 (y+2z)

\displaystyle 4 (2y+z)

\displaystyle 4 (4y + z)

\displaystyle 4 (2y + 4z)

\displaystyle 4(2y+ 2z + 2)

Correct answer:

\displaystyle 4 (2y+z)

Explanation:

We can best solve this by factoring 4 from both terms, and distributing it out:

\displaystyle 8y + 4z

\displaystyle = 4 \cdot 2y + 4 \cdot z

\displaystyle = 4 (2y+z)

Example Question #2 : How To Find The Distributive Property

\displaystyle x and \displaystyle y are positive integers.

Which of the following is greater?

(A) \displaystyle 7x + 2y

(b) \displaystyle 2 (x+y) +5x

Possible Answers:

It is impossible to determine which is greater from the information given

(B) is greater

(A) and (B) are equal

(A) is greater

Correct answer:

(A) and (B) are equal

Explanation:

\displaystyle 2 (x+y) +5x

\displaystyle = 2 x+2 y +5x

\displaystyle = 2 x+5x +2 y

\displaystyle =\left ( 2 +5 \right ) x +2 y

\displaystyle =7 x +2 y

(A) and (B) are equivalent variable expressions and are therefore equal regardless of the values of \displaystyle x and \displaystyle y.

Example Question #5 : How To Find The Distributive Property

Simplify the below: 

\displaystyle -2(x-4)+3x

Possible Answers:

\displaystyle x-8

\displaystyle 4x+8

\displaystyle x+8

\displaystyle -6x-8

Correct answer:

\displaystyle x+8

Explanation:

In order to simiplify we must first distribute the -2 only to what is inside the ( ): 

\displaystyle -2(x-4)+3x=-2x+8+3x

Now, we must combine like terms: 

\displaystyle -2x+8+3x =-2x+3x+8 =x+8

This gives us the final answer:

\displaystyle x+8

Example Question #1 : Distributive Property

Simplify the below: 

\displaystyle (3x+5)4

Possible Answers:

\displaystyle 12x+20

\displaystyle 32x

\displaystyle 3x+20

This does not simplify

Correct answer:

\displaystyle 12x+20

Explanation:

We must use the distributive property in this case to multiply the 4 by both the 3x and 5. 

\displaystyle (3x+5)4

\displaystyle 3x*4+5*4

\displaystyle =12x+20

Example Question #6 : How To Find The Distributive Property

\displaystyle t and \displaystyle u are positive numbers. Which is the greater quantity?

(a) \displaystyle 3 (t -2u)

(b) \displaystyle 3t- 2u

Possible Answers:

It is impossible to determine which quantity is the greater from the information given

(a) and (b) are equal

(b) is the greater quantity

(a) is the greater quantity

Correct answer:

(b) is the greater quantity

Explanation:

\displaystyle 3 (t -2u) = 3 \cdot t - 3 \cdot 2u = 3 t - 6u

Since \displaystyle u is positive, and \displaystyle -6< -2, then, by the properties of inequality,

\displaystyle -6u< -2 u

\displaystyle -6u+ 3t < -2 u+ 3t

\displaystyle 3t-6u < 3t-2 u

and

\displaystyle 3t-2 u >3 (t -2u).

Example Question #2 : Distributive Property

\displaystyle a is the additive inverse of \displaystyle b. Which is the greater quantity?

(a) \displaystyle 2a + 2b

(b) \displaystyle 2

Possible Answers:

(b) is the greater quantity

(a) and (b) are equal

It is impossible to determine which is greater from the information given

(a) is the greater quantity

Correct answer:

(b) is the greater quantity

Explanation:

\displaystyle a is the additive inverse of \displaystyle b, so, by definition, \displaystyle a+ b = 0.

\displaystyle 2a + 2b = 2(a+b) = 2 \cdot 0 = 0

\displaystyle 2>0.

Learning Tools by Varsity Tutors