ISEE Lower Level Math : Ratio and Proportion
Study concepts, example questions & explanations for ISEE Lower Level Math
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Example Questions
Example Question #1 : How To Find A Ratio
In order to make Lilly's Lemonade, for every 16 oz of water, 6 tablespoons of lemon juice is needed. If you want to use 8 oz of water, how much lemon juice would you need?
3 tablespoons
14 tablespoons
8 tablespoons
4 tablespoons
12 tablespoons
3 tablespoons
In order to solve this problem, we must set up a ratio.
For every 16 oz of water, we need 6 tablespoons of lemon juice.
The ratio that we get is
16 : 6.
If we want to use only 8 oz of water, we need to find out how much lemon juice is needed.
The amount of lemon juice we need, x, is currently unknown.
Our new ratio is
8 : x.
Looking at the first number in the two ratios, dividing 16 by 8 will get us
16 ÷ 8 = 2.
Let's divide the second number in our first ratio by 2 to solve for x.
So,
6 ÷ 2 = 3.
We need 3 tablespoons of lemon juice for 8 oz of water.
Example Question #1 : Ratio And Proportion
Find the ratio
If there are 3 frogs at a pond and 12 toads, what is the ratio of frogs to toads at the pond?
Since there are 3 frogs and 12 toads, reduce 
Example Question #3 : How To Find A Ratio
Janie has a bag full of red, blue, orange, white, and green marbles. There are 5 of each color marble in the bag.
Given the above conditions, what is the probability Janie will pull a red marble from the bag?
Since there are 5 of each color, there are 25 total marbles in the bag. The probability of picking a red is
Example Question #2 : Ratio And Proportion
Ella has 6 cats and 36 dogs. What is the ratio of dogs to cats in Ella's house?
There are 36 dogs and 6 cats, leaving a dog to cat ratio of
Reduced, the answer is
Example Question #5 : How To Find A Ratio
Sharon has 80 marbles, 60 of which are blue and 20 of which are white. Write the ratio of blue marbles to white marbles in simplest form.
The ratio of blue marbles to white marbles is 
In simplest form, the ratio is
Example Question #6 : How To Find A Ratio
A class of 40 students has 25 boys and 15 girls. Write the ratio of boys to girls in simplest form.
The ratio of boys to girls is 
In simplest form, the ratio is
Example Question #4 : Ratio And Proportion
A total of 35 children took a poll about favorite breakfast foods, choosing between cereal, yogurt, and pancakes. If 14 preferred cereal and 7 preferred yogurt, how many preferred pancakes?
14
18
7
21
14
To find the children who preferred pancakes, subtract all the other children (cereal + yogurt) from the total:
Example Question #3 : Ratio And Proportion
Susan has a bag of 12 assorted candies that included 3 blue, 2 green, 4 red, and 3 yellow. If Susan picks one piece of candy without looking, which color has a 1 in 6 chance of being picked?
yellow and blue
blue
green
yellow
red
green
There are 2 green candies in the assortment out of a total of 12 candies. The proportion of green candies to total candies is 
Example Question #4 : Ratio And Proportion
Determine the ratio of 86 to 129.
Ratios represent how one number is related to another. These steps will help you determine the ratio of the numbers shown:
1) Divide both terms of the ratio by the GCF (greatest common factor). In this case, the GCF is 43 because 43 is the greatest number that goes into both numbers evenly.
2) Show the ratio with a colon : and remember to keep the numbers in the same order!
Therefore, the ratio of 86 to 129 is 
Example Question #1 : Ratio And Proportion
A truck with a tank that holds 24 gallons of gas gets 18 miles to the gallon. If the truck's gas gauge reads that the tank is one-half full, how many miles can it travel before it needs to be refueled?
Multiply 18 miles per gallon by 24 gallons to get the distance the truck can travel on a full tank:
On one-half of a tank, this truck can travel
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