High School Physics : Understanding Distance, Velocity, and Acceleration

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for High School Physics

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Example Questions

Example Question #11 : Understanding Distance, Velocity, And Acceleration

A ball begins to roll with a velocity . If there is no acceleration on the ball, what will its velocity be after ?

Possible Answers:

We must know the distance traveled to solve

Correct answer:

Explanation:

If there is no acceleration on an object, it will have the same velocity regardless of how long it is moving.

Mathematically, we can look at the equation for acceleration.

We know that the acceleration is zero and that the time is ten seconds.

In order for this to be true, the initial and final velocities must be equal.

Example Question #102 : Linear Motion

An athlete kicks a ball into the air. It travels  and is in the air for . How fast must the athlete run from the point where he kicks the ball in order to catch it before it lands?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

To solve this problem, we need to understand what speed is. Speed is the distance covered in a given amount of time.

In our problem, we need to find the speed of the athlete. We are given the distance the athlete must cover, which is equal to the distance traveled by the ball.

We are also told how much time the athlete has to cover the distance, which is equal to the time the ball is in the air.

Use these values and the equation for speed to find the speed that the athlete must run.

Example Question #101 : Motion And Mechanics

A car is driving at . The driver sees an accident ahead and slows down to . What is the acceleration of the car?

Possible Answers:

We need to know the time in order to solve

Correct answer:

We need to know the time in order to solve

Explanation:

Acceleration is given by the change in velocity over change in time.

While we know the change in velocity, we also need to know the change in time in order to be able to accurately determine the deceleration of the car.

Example Question #109 : Linear Motion

An Olympic sprinter runs a  dash in . Assuming he starts at rest, what is his average velocity?

Possible Answers:

We need to know the acceleration in order to solve.

Correct answer:

Explanation:

The average velocity is the total displacement divided by the total time or .

Plug in our given values.

Example Question #101 : Motion And Mechanics

A plane originally travelling north at  is informed that a storm is moving into its intended path at a rate of every forty minutes. By how much must the plane increase its velocity in order to outpace the storm?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

Our first step is to calculate the velocity of the storm in the proper units.

In order for the plane to move faster than the storm, its velocity must be greater than this value. To find the necessary increase in velocity, we need to subtract the initial velocity from the final velocity.

This is the necessary increase in velocity in order for the plane to match the pace of the storm; thus, our answer must be only slightly greater than . This leads to our answer of .

Example Question #11 : Understanding Distance, Velocity, And Acceleration

A dog sits in a basket attached to the handlebars of a bicycle. If an outside observer sees the bicycle move with a velocity , what is the velocity of the dog relative to the observer?

Possible Answers:

We need to know more information to be able to solve

Correct answer:

Explanation:

If the observer sees the bicycle moving with a uniform velocity , then that means all the parts of the bicycle together are moving with the same velocity. The dog, the cyclist, the handlebars, everything in the system (that is not moving independently, such as the pedals or the wheels) is moving with the same velocity .

Example Question #11 : Understanding Distance, Velocity, And Acceleration

One of the fastest players in football ran  in . What was his average speed during this time?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

To solve this problem we need to consider the definition of speed, which is the distance traveled over a given amount of time.

Even though the player's speed is changing throughout the sprint (due to acceleration), we are asked to find the average speed. We can do this using the total distance and total time given. The distance is and the time is .

Example Question #12 : Understanding Distance, Velocity, And Acceleration

The fastest pitch recorded in baseball was a fastball. The distance from the pitcher's plate to home plate is . How long did it take for the ball to reach the batter?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

To solve this problem, we use the relation between velocity and time:

We can rearrange this equation to isolate the variable for time:

Use the given distance and velocity to solve for the time.

Example Question #15 : Understanding Distance, Velocity, And Acceleration

Which of the following is a correct measurement of velocity in SI units?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

Velocity is a vector measurement of displacement per unit time. This means that it has both magnitude and direction, according to the direction of the displacement.

The standard unit for displacement is meters and the standard unit for time is seconds; thus, the SI unit for velocity is meters per second. Any standard measure of velocity will be given in meters per second, with a corresponding direction of action.

Example Question #111 : Motion And Mechanics

You are given a graph of velocity vs. time. How can you find the change in displacement for a particular time interval?

Possible Answers:

The displacement is the average slope during the given time interval

The displacement can only be found when the velocity crosses the x-axis

The displacement cannot be determined from the graph

The displacement is the total area under the curve of the graph

The displacement is the area under the curve for the given time interval

Correct answer:

The displacement is the area under the curve for the given time interval

Explanation:

Velocity is equal to a change in displacement per unit time. Consider a basic velocity vs. time graph that depicts a constant velocity, given by a straight horizontal line. How can we determine the displacement during a given time interval? Use the kinematics equation:

Acceleration will be zero, allowing us to reduce the equation. We can also assume that there is zero initial displacement.

So, the displacement will be equal to the velocity multiplied by the time. In the graph, velocity will be represented by the vertical location and time will be represented by the horizontal location of any point. Displacement will be equal to the height of the graph times the width of the graph, or the area of the rectangle created by the constant velocity over a unit of time.

Though this is just one example, displacement will always be equal to the area under the curve of a velocity vs. time graph.

In calculus terms, velocity is the derivative of the function for displacement in terms of time. To find the displacement, one must take the integral of the velocity function. The result is the area under the curve of the velocity function.

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