AP World History : War and Civil Conflict 600 CE to 1450

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for AP World History

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Example Questions

Example Question #31 : War And Civil Conflict 600 Ce To 1450

The Hundred Years' War was fought between what two countries? 

Possible Answers:

England and Belgium 

France and Spain 

France and Germany 

France and England

England and Germany 

Correct answer:

France and England

Explanation:

The Hundred Years' War was fought between the Kingdom of France and the Kingdom of England from 1337 until 1453. It is one of the most important and notable conflicts of the Middle Ages and as a result of the conflict strong national identities were formed in each nation and the subsequent theory and idea of 'nationalism' was founded. 

Example Question #32 : War And Civil Conflict 600 Ce To 1450

In medieval Europe who had the authority to declare a crusade?

Possible Answers:

Secular monarchs

The Pope

The Teutonic Knights

The Holy Roman Emperor

The Archbishop of Canterbury

Correct answer:

The Pope

Explanation:

In medieval Europe, the Pope had the authority to declare a crusade. A crusade was a holy war that was meant to advance the cause of Christianity and strengthen the power of the Catholic church. The most famous crusades are those launched against the Muslim kingdoms of the Middle East that were generally intended to recapture Jerusalem and the Holy Land.

Example Question #33 : War And Civil Conflict 600 Ce To 1450

Enrico Dandolo ruled __________.

Possible Answers:

Venice

the Holy Roman Empire

Constantinople

the Papal States

the Mamluk Sultanate

Correct answer:

Venice

Explanation:

Enrico Dandolo ruled over the Italian city-state of Venice at the height of its power and influence. Venice, at the time, was an influential maritime city-state and was immensely wealthy as a result of trade in the Mediterranean. Enrico Dandolo is most notable for calling for the Fourth Crusade.

Example Question #34 : War And Civil Conflict 600 Ce To 1450

The capture of Baghdad by __________ in the eleventh century dramatically weakened the power of the Abbasid Caliphate.

Possible Answers:

the Seljuk Turks

the Mongol Empire

the Mamluk Sultanate

Tang China

Gupta India

Correct answer:

the Seljuk Turks

Explanation:

Beginning in the tenth century, the Abbasid Caliphate experienced a steady decline in power. Throughout the tenth century, they lost territory due to nomadic invaders and the chaos caused by Sunni-Shiite divisions. In the eleventh century, the Abbasid capital, Baghdad, was captured by the Seljuk Turks. Although the Seljuk Turks allowed the caliph to continue ruling in a limited capacity, the Abbasid Caliphate would never again rule with any real authority.

Example Question #35 : War And Civil Conflict 600 Ce To 1450

Longterm consequences of the Crusades include __________.

I. Worsening relations between the Islamic and the Christian world

II. A reawakening of classical knowledge in Europe

III. Greater technological exchange in Eurasia

IV. The growth of chivalry in Europe

 

Possible Answers:

I, II, and IV

I, III, and IV

I, II, and III

I, II, III, and IV

II and III

Correct answer:

I, II, III, and IV

Explanation:

All of these were part of the longterm consequences of the Crusades. The role of knights in the Crusades led to the growth of chivalry as a social code in Europe. Relations between the Islamic and Christian world naturally worsened as a result of two centuries of warfare and massacres. In many ways, we are still feeling the effects of this today; however, there were positive consequences too. The reawakening of classical knowledge, that had for so long been preserved by the Byzantines and the Islamic empires of the Middle East, led to the Renaissance in Europe. The exposure to Middle Eastern technology led to greater technological exchange in Eurasia, which was particularly beneficial to the Europeans.

Example Question #36 : War And Civil Conflict 600 Ce To 1450

Which of these best describes Islamic resistance to the Crusades?

Possible Answers:

initially weak and disorganized, but growing stronger over time

initially weak and disorganized, but growing stronger after the rise of the Abbasid Caliphate

initially strong and coordinated by the Mamluk Sultanate, before growing weaker over time

initially strong and coordinated by the Seljuk Turks, before growing weaker over time

initially strong and coordinated by the Abbasid Caliphate, before growing weaker over time

Correct answer:

initially weak and disorganized, but growing stronger over time

Explanation:

In the late-eleventh century, at the time of the First Crusade, the Islamic world was highly fragmented and resistance was weak and poorly organized. The Abbasid Caliphate was very weak at this time and incapable of coordinating resistance. However, over time the Islamic resistance grew much stronger and by the time of the Third Crusade (1189 - 1212), they were able to hold off the Christian advance on Jerusalem.

Example Question #35 : War And Civil Conflict 600 Ce To 1450

Which of the following was NOT a motivation for the crusades of the Middle Ages?

Possible Answers:

To prevent the military advancement of Turkish armies into western Europe

Crusaders were guaranteed places in heaven along with the possibility of amassing wealth on earth

To liberate the people of Jerusalem from oppressive rulers 

To reclaim Jerusalem and other holy sites from Muslim armies and impose Christian kings

To spread the Christian faith and convert "pagans" 

Correct answer:

To liberate the people of Jerusalem from oppressive rulers 

Explanation:

The stated goal of the crusades was reclaiming Jerusalem from Muslim armies and spreading the "true faith" of Christianity. In addition to the religious goals, the crusades provided significant opportunities for political gain. In the middle ages, land was power and a war meant the opportunity to gain land. Noblemen from across western Europe flocked to the Middle East in an effort to gain the glory that would lead to greater power abroad that would translate back to their homelands. The Europeans saw anyone who was not of the Christian faith as a pagan or a heretic who was living in sin, they had little to no regard for the inhabitants of the cities they were fighting for.

Example Question #36 : War And Civil Conflict 600 Ce To 1450

Which of the following was NOT a result of the crusades? 

Possible Answers:

Women were elevated in society after being forced to handle legal and business affairs for their estates while their husbands were at war

New found discrimination against non-Christian peoples such as Jews and Muslims

Solidified the split between the eastern and western church after the destruction of Constantinople

Increased trade between eastern and western civilizations

Christian forces ruling the Holy Land

Correct answer:

Christian forces ruling the Holy Land

Explanation:

While the crusades were a constant back and forth between European and Islamic forces, the crusaders were unable to ever permanently drive Islamic armies out of Jerusalem and other Holy Lands. 

Example Question #37 : War And Civil Conflict 600 Ce To 1450

Which of these territories was not conquered during the initial wave of Islamic conquest in the seventh and eighth centuries?

Possible Answers:

These territories were all conquered during the initial wave of Islamic conquest.

Egypt

Spain

North Africa

Persia

Correct answer:

These territories were all conquered during the initial wave of Islamic conquest.

Explanation:

Islam emerged in Arabia in the early seventh century and practically exploded onto the world stage. Within a century of the death of the Prophet Muhammad, Islamic territory stretched from Spain, all the way across North Africa and the Middle East, to as far east as modern-day Pakistan.

Example Question #1353 : Ap World History

What was the result of the First Crusade?

Possible Answers:

conquest of Jerusalem and the establishment of the Mamluk Sultanate in Egypt

conquest of Constantinople and the destruction of the Byzantine Empire

the defeat of the forces of Christendom and the continued control of Jerusalem by the Seljuk Turks

conquest of Jerusalem and the establishment of Crusader States in the Middle East

the defeat of the forces of Christendom and the continued control of Constantinople by the Seljuk Turks

Correct answer:

conquest of Jerusalem and the establishment of Crusader States in the Middle East

Explanation:

The First Crusade was waged from 1096-1099 and ended with the brutally violent conquest of Jerusalem by the Crusaders. The Crusaders established a series of small Crusader States on the Mediterranean coast of the Middle East, which they would rule with varying degrees of control for the next two centuries.

 

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