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AP Chemistry : Acid-Base Reactions

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Example Questions

Example Question #92 : Reaction Types

Put the following in order of INCREASING acid strength: H₂Se, KH, AsH₃, HBr.

Possible Answers:

HBr, H₂Se, AsH₃, KH

AsH₃, H₂Se, KH, HBr

KH, AsH₃, H₂Se, HBr

AsH₃, H₂Se, HBr, KH

KH, H₂Se, AsH₃, HBr

Correct answer:

KH, AsH₃, H₂Se, HBr

Explanation:

Acid strength increases going across a period.

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Example Question #93 : Reaction Types

If you have a solution that consist of a weak monoprotic acid (HA), with a pKA of 5.3 and a pH of 3.2, what is the predominant species present?

Possible Answers:

H3O⁺

A^-

Equal amounts of acid and conjugate base are present.

H₂A⁺

Correct answer:

Explanation:

Since pH < pKa the undissociated acid is the predominant form.

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Example Question #94 : Reaction Types

If you have a solution that consists of a monoprotic acid (HA), with a pKa of 4.1 and at a pH of 5.8, what is the predominant species present?

Possible Answers:

Equal amounts of acid and conjugate base are present.

H₂A⁺

H3O⁺

A^-

Correct answer:

A^-

Explanation:

Since pH > pKA, the deprotonated form of the acid is predominant.

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Example Question #95 : Reaction Types

Carbonic acid as a pKa1 = 6.35 and a pKa2=10.33. If the pH is 3.52, what is the predominant species present.

Possible Answers:

H₂CO₃

HCO₃^-

Can not be determined.

H3O⁺

CO₃^2-

Correct answer:

H₂CO₃

Explanation:

Since pH < pKa1, the undissociated form of carbonic acid (H₂CO₃) is predominant.

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Example Question #96 : Reaction Types

Sulphurous acid (H₂SO₃) has a pKa1 = 1.92 and a pKa2 = 7.18, if the pH = 5.3, what is the predominant species present?

Possible Answers:

SO₃^2-

Can not be determined

H₂SO₃

HSO₃^-

H3O⁺

Correct answer:

HSO₃^-

Explanation:

Since pH > pKa1 but pH < pKa2 the predominant form is one with a single hydrogen dissociated.

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Example Question #1 : Ph And Pka

Phosphoric acid has a pKa1 = 2.15, a pKa2 = 7.20, and a pKa3 = 12.35. If the pH = 13.0, what is the predominant species present?

Possible Answers:

HPO₄^2-

H₂PO₄^-

H₃PO₄

Can not be determined

PO₄^3-

Correct answer:

PO₄^3-

Explanation:

Since pH > pKa1, pKa2, and pKa3 the predominant form of the acid is the fully deprotonated form.

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Example Question #61 : Acid Base Reactions

Which of the following is a Lewis base?

Possible Answers:

BF₃

Me₃B

NH₃

B₂H₆

Correct answer:

NH₃

Explanation:

NH₃ should be the clear correct choice, since it is the only one having a pair of electrons that are available. The rest of the answer choices are all Lewis acids.

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Example Question #62 : Acid Base Reactions

What is the defining characteristic of Bronsted-Lowry bases?

Possible Answers:

Proton (H+) donor

Dissociates in solution to give the OH– ion

Proton (H+) acceptor

Electron pair acceptor

Dissociates in solution to give the H+ ion

Correct answer:

Proton (H+) acceptor

Explanation:

The definition of a Bronsted-Lowry base is a species that has the ability to gain, or accept a proton (H+). Dissociating in solution is part of the Arrhenius definition of acids and bases, and Lewis acid are electron pair acceptors.

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Example Question #63 : Acid Base Reactions

Which of the following can act as a Lewis base?

Possible Answers:

NH₂NH₂

BF₃

CH₃COOH

Correct answer:

NH₂NH₂

Explanation:

A Lewis base is an electron-pair donor. N atoms have a valence of 5, and in the NH₂NH₂ compound, it is only bonded to another N atom and 2 H, so it's only using 3 of its 5 valence electrons to form these bonds. Thus, each nitrogen has a pair of unbonded electrons and can act as a Lewis base.

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Example Question #64 : Acid Base Reactions

In the following equation, which is the conjugate base of HClO₄?

HClO₄ + H₂O → ClO_4– + H₃O+

Possible Answers:

HClO₄

H₂O

ClO_4–

none of the above

H₃O+

Correct answer:

ClO_4–

Explanation:

The conjugate base of an acid will be the same compound, short one H atom. ClO_4– is the only one that meets this criterion.

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AP Chemistry : Acid-Base Reactions

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for AP Chemistry

All AP Chemistry Resources

Example Questions

Example Question #92 : Reaction Types

Example Question #93 : Reaction Types

Example Question #94 : Reaction Types

Example Question #95 : Reaction Types

Example Question #96 : Reaction Types

Example Question #1 : Ph And Pka

Example Question #61 : Acid Base Reactions

Example Question #62 : Acid Base Reactions

Example Question #63 : Acid Base Reactions

Example Question #64 : Acid Base Reactions

All AP Chemistry Resources

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