AP Calculus AB : AP Calculus AB

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for AP Calculus AB

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Example Questions

Example Question #45 : Interpretations And Properties Of Definite Integrals

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Example Question #21 : Basic Properties Of Definite Integrals (Additivity And Linearity)

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Example Question #22 : Basic Properties Of Definite Integrals (Additivity And Linearity)

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Example Question #23 : Basic Properties Of Definite Integrals (Additivity And Linearity)

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Example Question #24 : Basic Properties Of Definite Integrals (Additivity And Linearity)

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Example Question #21 : Basic Properties Of Definite Integrals (Additivity And Linearity)

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Example Question #51 : Interpretations And Properties Of Definite Integrals

Given that  and , find the value of the following expression:

 

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Explanation:

First, simplifying the given's gives us  

And

Our goal is to get the given expression into terms of these two integrals. Our first step will be to try and get a  from our expression.

 

First note,

And for the third term,

Putting these facts together, we can rewrite the original expression as

Rearranging,

The three terms in parentheses can all be brought together, as the top limit of the previous integral matches the bottom limit of the next integral. Thus, we now have

 

Substituting in our given's, this simplifies to 

Example Question #21 : Basic Properties Of Definite Integrals (Additivity And Linearity)

Evaluate the definite integral 

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Explanation:

Here we are using several basic properties of definite integrals as well as the fundamental theorem of calculus. 

First, you can pull coefficients out to the front of integrals.

Second, we notice that our lower bound is bigger than our upper bound. You can switch the upper and lower bounds if you also switch the sign.

Lastly, our integral "distributes" over addition and subtraction. That means you can split the integral by each term and integrate each term separately. 

Now we integrate and calculate using the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus.

Example Question #52 : Interpretations And Properties Of Definite Integrals

Solve:

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None of the other answers

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Explanation:

Rather than solve each integral independently, we can use the property of linearity to add the integrals together:

The integrals were solved using the following rule:

Finally, we evaluate the definite integral by evaluating the answer at the upper bound and subtracting the answer evaluated at the lower bound:

Example Question #1 : Continunity As A Property Of Functions

Which of the following functions contains a removeable discontinuity?

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Explanation:

A removeable discontinuity occurs whenever there is a hole in a graph that could be fixed (or "removed") by filling in a single point. Put another way, if there is a removeable discontinuity at , then the limit as  approaches  exists, but the value of  does not.

For example, the function f(x)=\frac{1+x^3}{1+x} contains a removeable discontinuity at . Notice that we could simplify as follows:

f(x)=\frac{1+x^3}{1+x}=\frac{(1+x)(x^2-x+1)}{1+x}=x^{2}-x+1, where x\neq -1.

Thus, we could say that \lim_{x\rightarrow -1}\frac{1+x^3}{1+x}=\lim_{x\rightarrow -1}x^2-x+1=(-1)^2-(-1)+1=3.

As we can see, the limit of  exists at , even though  is undefined.

What this means is that  will look just like the parabola with the equation x^{2}-x+1 EXCEPT when, where there will be a hole in the graph. However, if we were to just define , then we could essentially "remove" this discontinuity. Therefore, we can say that there is a removeable discontinuty at .

The functions 

, and

 

have discontinuities, but these discontinuities occur as vertical asymptotes, not holes, and thus are not considered removeable.

The functions

  and f(x)=\frac{x+1}{1+x^{2}} are continuous over all the real values of ; they have no discontinuities of any kind.

The answer is   

.

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