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Example Questions
Example Question #51 : Understanding Other Reproductive Physiology
Which of the following hormones do most pregnancy tests look for?
Estrogen
Progesterone
Human chorionic gonadotropic (hCG)
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
Human chorionic gonadotropic (hCG)
Most pregnancy tests look for human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). The hormone hCG is secreted by the outer layer of the blastocyst, called the synctiotrophoblast, and later the placenta.
Example Question #51 : Understanding Other Reproductive Physiology
Which of the following best identifies the correct sequence of phases in the uterine cycle?
Secretory phase, menstruation, and proliferative phase
Proliferative phase, menstruation, and secretory phase
Proliferative phase, secretory phase, and menstruation
Menstruation, proliferative phase, and secretory phase
Menstruation, proliferative phase, and secretory phase
The menstrual cycle is the process of preparing the human female body for potential pregnancy. The cycle can be divided into two stages—the ovarian cycle and the uterine cycle. The uterine cycle has three phases that are called menstruation, the proliferative phase, and the secretory phase.
Example Question #52 : Understanding Other Reproductive Physiology
Which of the following identifies when the premenstrual syndrome (PMS) manifests during the menstrual cycle of human females?
At the time of menstruation
At ovulation
1 to 2 weeks prior to menstruation
At the time of implantation
1 to 2 weeks prior to menstruation
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a set of physical and emotional symptoms that occur 1 to 2 weeks before menstruation. The exact cause of PMS is not known but most likely involves hormonal changes, with the severity of PMS being influenced by environmental factors. Common symptoms include acne, bloating, and mood changes.
Example Question #53 : Understanding Other Reproductive Physiology
Which of the following is expelled through the vagina during menstruation?
Ovaries
Uterine lining
Fallopian tube lining
Placenta
Uterine lining
Menstruation is the part of the female reproductive cycle in which the uterine lining is expelled through the vagina when the released oocyte is not fertilized. The onset of menstrual periods is called menarche and the cessation is called menopause. Menstruation occurs due to a decrease in progesterone levels and is often accompanied by cramping.
Example Question #361 : Systems Physiology
Along with the thickening of the uterine lining, which of the following also develops during the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle?
Uterine size
Cervical mucus
The number of oogonia
Fimbria
Cervical mucus
During the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle, the high levels of estrogen cause the development of the uterine lining and fertile cervical mucus. This fertile cervical mucus is alkaline and thin to allow for sperm penetration.
Example Question #362 : Systems Physiology
Which of the following best describes the effect of increased progesterone levels from the use of progesterone birth control pills?
Prevents ovulation
All of these
Inhibits gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
Inhibits follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
Inhibits follicle development
All of these
Progesterone birth control pills function to increase progesterone levels in the individual. This inhibits the secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), which, in turn, inhibits luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) secretion. The drops in LH and FSH levels halt follicle development, thereby preventing ovulation.
Example Question #363 : Systems Physiology
Which of the following sets of two hormones are found in combination birth control pills?
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
Progesterone and estrogen
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and estrogen
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and progesterone
Progesterone and estrogen
Combination birth control pills contain estrogen and progesterone. Supplementing progesterone levels inhibit luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) secretion, follicle development, and ovulation. Estrogen supplementation decreases FSH, thereby inhibiting follicle development and ovulation. The combination pill decreases breakthrough bleeding but has more withdrawal symptoms.
Example Question #364 : Systems Physiology
Which of the following is not a method esed to test fertility?
Monitoring the cervical mucus
Calendar tracking
Ovulation predictor kits
Pituitary gland testing
Pituitary gland testing
Common methods of fertility testing include: calendar tracking, ovulation predictor kits, and monitory physical symptoms. Calendar tracking determines fertility by cycle length. Ovulation predictor kits measure luteinizing hormone (LH) levels in an individual’s urine. Monitoring physical symptoms such as cervical mucus and basal body temperature are also a good method of tracking fertility.
Example Question #1334 : Ap Biology
Which of the following best describes when a female most fertile during the menstrual cycle?
Follicular phase
Ovulation and a few days preceding it
3 days after menstruation
During menstruation
Ovulation and a few days preceding it
During the menstrual cycle, the time when fertility peaks is at ovulation and a few days preceding it. At this point, sperm can survive in the female reproductive tract until oocyte release.
Example Question #1335 : Ap Biology
Which of the following is true for female individual’s with “amenorrhea”?
No ovulation
Heavy menstrual flow
Light menstrual flow
Irregular menstrual cycles
Irregular menstrual cycles
Amenorrhea is a condition where menstrual cycles are irregular and rare, occurring every 3 to 6 months.
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