The Ennead is a group of nine Gods who feature in the creation story of Heliopolis. Usually the Ennead is comprised of Atum, Shu, Tefnut, Geb, Nut, Osiris, Isis, Seth, and Nephthys. Due to the importance of Horus in the ancient Egyptian story of creation, he was sometimes included as a tenth deity.

The first full sentence written in hieroglyphics dates back to the Second Dynasty of the Early Dynastic Era. This period gave Egypt a strong sense of identity which included among other things the introduction of complex irrigation systems and centralized power in the form of a king. While hieroglyphics existed before the Early Dynastic Period, they are considered photo-hieroglyphics. 

Hierakonpolis (also called Nekhen) was a regional capital of Upper Egypt during the predynastic period. Along with other notable Upper-Egyptian city-states, it started to decline in influence and importance in the early dynastic period. The rise of Memphis (in Lower Egypt) led to an irrevocable decline in early Upper Egyptian settlements like Nekhen and Naqara.

A calendar for Re never existed. The everyday farming calendar was made up of three seasons, each lasting 4 months. The astronomical calendar was based on observations of the star, Sirius which appeared at the start of flood season. A lunar calendar was kept for priests to tell them when to perform certain types of ceremonies for the Khonsu, the moon god.

Mery is believed to be the first person to be convicted of tax evasion in Ancient Egypt. He was forced to withstand 100 blows as his punishment.  Pharaoh Kety advised that beatings were better than killings for crimes like these. Many scholars believe that Egyptians were the first to sew wounds closed, a fact that perhaps helped Mery at the time.

Most of Egypt’s Pharaohs, and some of the upper class elites and local rulers, were buried in grand tombs and pyramids; complete with priceless jewelry and valuable artifacts. It would, however, have been impractical for the entire population to have been buried so extravagantly. Instead, most Egyptian people were buried in small graves, with one or two ordinary household artefacts.

Men and women shaved their heads in Ancient Egypt to avoid lice. It also helped them stay cool. Many wore wigs and it was often considered a higher status to wear them. Higher status Egyptians wore wigs of human hair, while the others had wigs of wool and vegetable fiber.

The Early Dynastic Era covers the first two Egyptian dynasties. It was during this period in which Egypt first experienced a sudden rise in it's cultural greatness, developed better and more complex irrigation systems and pyramids, introduced the notion of a semi-divine head of state in the form of a king and developed a writing system. More democratic practices would not be introduced until the Middle Kingdom. 

A wadi is a dry river-bed. They can be found in countless locations, alongside major rivers, in the Middle East. They were particularly important in ancient times because they often contained lucrative mineral deposits.

The Nile is the world's longest river, measuring over 4,250 feet long. Surprisingly, it is extremely shallow relative to rivers of similar size. Many areas, including the central area of the river are not even 10 feet deep.