A "duchy" is an independent territory ruled by a "duke." So, which of these is an independent territory ruled by a "prince?" The correct answer is "principality." Additionally, an "oligarchy" is a society governed by a few wealthy businessmen. 

The term "Kaiser" was once used to denote the ruler of "Germany," so to solve this analogy you need to determine which of these was once used to denote the ruler of "Russia." The correct answer is "Tsar." Additionally, a "regent" is someone who governs a monarchy because the rightful ruler is too young; the "dauphin" is the son of the King of France; a "bishop" is a high-ranking member of church hierarchy.

An "apostate" is someone who renounces one's "religion," someone who abandons their faith. So, to solve this analogy you need to determine which of these is used to refer to someone who abandons the "army." The correct answer is "turncoat," which means traitor. Additionally, "aegis" is protection, support; an "admiral" is a high-ranking member of the navy; a "crucible" is a setting of great trial. 

A "kilt" is an item of clothing from "Scotland." It is a type of formal skirt usually worn by men of a clan. So, to solve this analogy you need to determine where a "sari" is from. The correct answer is "India." A "sari" is a garment of silk clothing usually worn by women in "India." 

"Pollen" is small, fine dust-like material excreted by male plants for the purposes of fertilizing a female plant. "Pollen" is found on "flowers," so to solve this analogy you need to determine where "flotsam" is found. Well, "flotsam" is trash or waste floating in the "ocean."

A "registrar" is someone who's job it is to keep track of official "records," like demographic statistics. So, a "registrar" is concerned with "records," what is a "quartermaster" concerned with? Well, a "quartermaster" is a military official responsible for providing "supplies" and shelter. So, the correct answer is "supplies." Additionally, "affluence" is wealth and prosperity.

An "ovary" is a female reproductive organ. So, an "ovary" is involved with "reproduction." What is a "phylum" involved with? Well, a "phylum" is a classification group for organizing species of animals. So, it is involved in "categorization." Additionally, an "asylum" is a sanctuary, a safe house; a "sinecure" is an easy job; "embezzle" means steal money from somewhere one works or is trusted; "doleful" means miserable and disconsolate, feeling hopeless. 

“Sugar” is a noun that means “a sweet crystalline substance.” So, because sugar tastes sweet, we need to pick out an answer choice that is a noun representing a food that tastes spicy. While all of the potential answer choices are foods, only “jalapeño” (“a very hot green chili pepper”) is a food that tastes spicy. So, because jalapeños are spicy just as sugar is sweet, “jalapeño” is the correct answer.

A philanthropist is someone who is charitable so the relationship can be established as the following: Charitable behavior is something that would be expected of a philanthropist so what kind of behavior is likely to be expected of a priest? This should lead to the correct answer which is “spiritual.” For clarification, "spiritual" means focused on religious or divine matters; "miserly" means not generous and is an antonym of charitable; "temerity" is a type of boldness or audacity; "eloquent" refers to a type of speech that is stylish and easily understood.

A shield could be used by someone to defend themselves, so it could be described as “defensive,” or “used or intended to defend or protect.” So, we need to pick out an answer choice that is an adjective that describes a sword. While “protective” and “offensive” might each look like a potentially correct answer choice, “protective” means “capable of or intended to protect,” and does not describe a sword, so “protective” cannot be the correct answer. “Offensive,” however, is an adjective that can mean “meant for use in attack” when being used of a weapon, and because “offensive” aptly describes a sword just as “defensive” aptly describes a shield, “offensive” is the correct answer.