SAT II Literature : Literary Terminology and Devices

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for SAT II Literature

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Example Questions

Example Question #1 : Literary Analysis Of American Poetry

A Late Walk

1          When I go up through the mowing field,
2          The headless aftermath,
3          Smooth-laid like thatch with the heavy dew,
4          Half closes the garden path.

5          And when I come to the garden ground,
6          The whir of sober birds
7          Up from the tangle of withered weeds
8          Is sadder than any words

9          A tree beside the wall stands bare,
10        But a leaf that lingered brown,
11        Disturbed, I doubt not, by my thought,
12        Comes softly rattling down.

13        I end not far from my going forth
14        By picking the faded blue
15        Of the last remaining aster flower
16        To carry again to you.

The following is an example of alliteration:

Possible Answers:

"sober birds" (line 6)

"Smooth-laid like thatch" (line 3)

"lingered brown" (line 10)

"sadder than any words" (line 8)

"withered weeds" (line 7)

Correct answer:

"withered weeds" (line 7)

Explanation:

"Withered weeds" (line 7) is an example of alliteration. Alliteration is the repetition of the same sounds at the beginning of words.

Example Question #11 : Literary Terminology And Devices

1   Go, wiser thou! and in thy scale of sense

2   Weigh thy Opinion against Providence;

3   Call Imperfection what thou fancy'st such,

4   Say, here he gives too little, there too much;

5   Destroy all creatures for thy sport or gust,

6   Yet cry, If Man's unhappy, God's unjust;

7   If Man alone engross not Heav'n's high care,

8   Alone made perfect here, immortal there:

9   Snatch from his hand the balance and the rod,

10 Re-judge his justice, be the GOD of GOD!

11 In Pride, in reasoning Pride, our error lies;

12 All quit their sphere, and rush into the skies.

13 Pride still is aiming at the blest abodes,

14 Men would be Angels, Angels would be Gods.

15 Aspiring to be Gods, if Angels fell,

16 Aspiring to be Angels, Men rebel;

17  And who but wishes to invert the laws

18 Of ORDER, sins against th' Eternal Cause.

                                                       (1734)

Which of the following is an example of a slant rhyme (also called "half rhyme")? 

Possible Answers:

"lies" / "skies" (lines 11/12) 

"rod" / "God" (lines 9/10) 

"such" / "much" (lines 3/4) 

"rebel" / "fell" (lines 15/16) 

"abodes" / "gods" (lines 13/14) 

 

Correct answer:

"abodes" / "gods" (lines 13/14) 

 

Explanation:

"Abodes" / "gods" (lines 13/14) is an example of a slant rhyme. Slant rhymes are words that come close to rhyming, but are not full rhymes. 

(Passage adapted from "An Essay on Man" by Alexander Pope, I.IV.1-18)

Example Question #11 : Literary Terminology And Devices

1   O Captain! my Captain! our fearful trip is done,

2   The ship has weather'd every rack, the prize we sought is won,

3   The port is near, the bells I hear, the people all exulting,

4   While follow eyes the steady keel, the vessel grim and daring;

5   But O heart! heart! heart!

6   O the bleeding drops of red,

7   Where on the deck my Captain lies,

8   Fallen cold and dead. 

                                              (1865)

In which line is the speaker using foreshadowing?

Possible Answers:

Line 5

Line 7

Line 4 

Line 1

Correct answer:

Line 4 

Explanation:

In lines 3 and 4, the speaker is subtly telling the reader that something undesirable is going to happen ("the port is near . . . the vessel grim and daring"). All of the other lines dictate what is happening in the present, not what is to come.

(Passage adapted from "O Captain! My Captain!" by Walt Whitman, ln. 1-8, 1865)

Example Question #12 : Literary Terminology And Devices

1   O Captain! my Captain! our fearful trip is done,

2   The ship has weather'd every rack, the prize we sought is won,

3   The port is near, the bells I hear, the people all exulting,

4   While follow eyes the steady keel, the vessel grim and daring;

5   But O heart! heart! heart!

6   O the bleeding drops of red,

7   Where on the deck my Captain lies,

8   Fallen cold and dead. 

                                              (1865)

What literary technique is used in the first line of the poem?

Possible Answers:

Allusion

Metonymy

Allegory

 Apostrophe

Metaphor

Correct answer:

 Apostrophe

Explanation:

An apostrophe is a figure of speech in which someone absent or dead or something nonhuman is addressed as if that person or thing were alive, present, and able to reply. Here, the speaker is talking to his captain, who is longer alive.

(Passage adapted from "O Captain! My Captain!" by Walt Whitman, ln. 1-8, 1865)

Example Question #11 : Literary Analysis Of American Poetry Before 1925

Adapted from "The Author to Her Book" by Anne Bradstreet (1678)

Thou ill-form’d offspring of my feeble brain,
Who after birth didst by my side remain,
Till snatched from thence by friends, less wise than true,
Who thee abroad, expos’d to public view,
Made thee in rags, halting to th’ press to trudge,
Where errors were not lessened (all may judge).
At thy return my blushing was not small,
My rambling brat (in print) should mother call,
I cast thee by as one unfit for light,
Thy visage was so irksome in my sight;
Yet being mine own, at length affection would
Thy blemishes amend, if so I could:
I wash’d thy face, but more defects I saw,
And rubbing off a spot, still made a flaw.
I stretched thy joints to make thee even feet,
Yet still thou run’st more hobling then is meet;
In better dress to trim thee was my mind,
But nought save home-spun cloth, i’ th’ house I find.
In this array ’mongst vulgars mayst thou roam.
In critics' hands, beware thou dost not come;
And take thy way where yet thou art not known,
If for thy father askt, say, thou hadst none:
And for thy mother, she alas is poor,
Which caus’d her thus to send thee out of door.

The literary technique that Bradstreet uses in addressing her book directly as her "offspring" is __________.

Possible Answers:

apostrophe

None of the other answers are correct.

metonymy

synecdoche

personification

Correct answer:

personification

Explanation:

Personification, which imbues an inanimate object with human traits, is the most likely answer.  Apostrophe involves the address of a personified object which is not present, but Bradstreet's poem implies that her "offspring" is close by.  

Example Question #891 : Gre Subject Test: Literature In English

Glory be to God for dappled things –
   For skies of couple-colour as a brinded cow;
      For rose-moles all in stipple upon trout that swim;
Fresh-firecoal chestnut-falls; finches’ wings;
   Landscape plotted and pieced – fold, fallow, and plough;
      And all trades, their gear and tackle and trim.
 
All things counter, original, spare, strange;
   Whatever is fickle, freckled (who knows how?)
      With swift, slow; sweet, sour; adazzle, dim;
He fathers-forth whose beauty is past change:
                                Praise him.

“Gear and tackle and trim” (line 6) is an example of a(n) __________, while " "counter, original, spare, strange" (line 7) is an example of a(n) __________

Possible Answers:

asyndeton . . . polysyndeton 

asyndeton . . . metonym 

polysyndeton . . . asyndeton 

None of the answers

metonym . . . asyndeton 

Correct answer:

polysyndeton . . . asyndeton 

Explanation:

“Gear and tackle and trim” (line 6) is an example of polysyndeton, while "counter, original, spare, strange" (line 7) is an example of an asyndeton. A polysyndeton is a figure of speech where conjunctions are repeated frequently in a sequence, while an asyndeton is a figure of speech where one or several conjunctions are intentionally left out of the sentence.

(Passage adapted from "Pied Beauty" by Gerard Manley Hopkins)

Example Question #892 : Gre Subject Test: Literature In English

Glory be to God for dappled things –
   For skies of couple-colour as a brinded cow;
      For rose-moles all in stipple upon trout that swim;
Fresh-firecoal chestnut-falls; finches’ wings;
   Landscape plotted and pieced – fold, fallow, and plough;
      And all trades, their gear and tackle and trim.
 
All things counter, original, spare, strange;
   Whatever is fickle, freckled (who knows how?)
      With swift, slow; sweet, sour; adazzle, dim;
He fathers-forth whose beauty is past change:
                                Praise him.

Which of the following literary techniques is used most frequently in this poem? 

Possible Answers:

Metonym 

Metaphor 

Personification 

Alliteration

Simile 

Correct answer:

Alliteration

Explanation:

Alliteration is used most frequently in the poem. Alliteration is the repetition of the same sounds or same kinds of sounds at the beginning of words. The following are some of the examples of alliteration in the poem:

"Fresh-firecoal . . . finches" (line 4)

"Plotted and pieced . . . plough" (line 5)

"Fold, fallow" (line 5)

"tackle and trim" (line 6)

"spare, strange" (line 7)

"fickle, freckled" (line 8)

"swift, slow; sweet, sour" (line 9)

"adazzle, dim" ("d" sound)  (line 9)

"fathers-forrth" (line 10)

 

(Passage adapted from "Pied Beauty" by Gerard Manley Hopkins (1918))

Example Question #893 : Gre Subject Test: Literature In English

1   Stella, whence doth this new assault arise,

2   A conquer’d, yielden, ransack’d heart to win?

3   Whereto long since through my long batter’d eyes,

4  Whole armies of thy beauties entered in.

5   And there long since, Love thy lieutenant lies,

6   My forces raz’d, thy banners rais’d within:

7  Of conquest, do not these effects suffice,

8   But wilt now war upon thine own begin?

9   With so sweet voice, and by sweet Nature so

10 In sweetest strength, so sweetly skill’d withal,

11 In all sweet stratagems sweet Art can show,

12 That not my soul, which at thy foot did fall

13 Long since, forc’d by thy beams, but stone nor tree

14 By Sense’s privilege, can ‘scape from thee.

Which of the following is an example of alliteration?

Possible Answers:

“sweet Nature so” (line 9)

“forces raz’d,” (line 6)

“But wild now war upon thine own” (line 8)

“conquer’d, yielden, ransack’d” (line 2)

“Lieutenant lies,” (line 5)

Correct answer:

“Lieutenant lies,” (line 5)

Explanation:

“Liutenant lies” (line 5) is an example of alliteration. Alliteration is the repetition of the same sounds or same kinds of sounds at the beginning of words.

(Passage adapted from "Astrophil and Stella" by Sir Philip Sydney, XXXVI.1-14 (1591))

Example Question #61 : Literary Analysis Of British Poetry

1   Stella, whence doth this new assault arise,

2   A conquer’d, yielden, ransack’d heart to win?

3   Whereto long since through my long batter’d eyes,

4  Whole armies of thy beauties entered in.

5   And there long since, Love thy lieutenant lies,

6   My forces raz’d, thy banners rais’d within:

7  Of conquest, do not these effects suffice,

8   But wilt now war upon thine own begin?

9   With so sweet voice, and by sweet Nature so

10 In sweetest strength, so sweetly skill’d withal,

11 In all sweet stratagems sweet Art can show,

12 That not my soul, which at thy foot did fall

13 Long since, forc’d by thy beams, but stone nor tree

14 By Sense’s privilege, can ‘scape from thee.

"Conquer’d, yielden, ransack’d" (line 2) and "my forces raz’d, thy banners rais’d within" (line 6) are examples of __________

Possible Answers:

metonymy

rhyme 

hyperbole 

asyndeton 

polysyndeton

Correct answer:

asyndeton 

Explanation:

"Conquer’d, yielden, ransack’d" (line 2) and "my forces raz’d, thy banners rais’d within" (line 6) are examples of asyndetons. An asyndeton is a figure of speech where one or several conjunctions are intentionally left out of the sentence.

(Passage adapted from "Astrophil and Stella" by Sir Philip Sydney, XXXVI.1-14 (1591))

Example Question #11 : Literary Terminology And Devices

Passage adapted from "To Some Ladies" (1817) by John Keats

What though while the wonders of nature exploring,
  I cannot your light, mazy footsteps attend;
Nor listen to accents, that almost adoring,
  Bless Cynthia's face, the enthusiast's friend:

(5) Yet over the steep, whence the mountain stream rushes,
  With you, kindest friends, in idea I rove;
Mark the clear tumbling crystal, its passionate gushes,
  Its spray that the wild flower kindly bedews.

Why linger you so, the wild labyrinth strolling?
 (10) Why breathless, unable your bliss to declare?
Ah! you list to the nightingale's tender condoling,
  Responsive to sylphs, in the moon beamy air.

'Tis morn, and the flowers with dew are yet drooping,
  I see you are treading the verge of the sea:
(15) And now! ah, I see it—you just now are stooping
  To pick up the keep-sake intended for me.

If a cherub, on pinions of silver descending,
  Had brought me a gem from the fret-work of heaven;
And smiles, with his star-cheering voice sweetly blending,
  (20) The blessings of Tighe had melodiously given;

It had not created a warmer emotion
  Than the present, fair nymphs, I was blest with from you,
Than the shell, from the bright golden sands of the ocean
  Which the emerald waves at your feet gladly threw.

(25) For, indeed, 'tis a sweet and peculiar pleasure,
  (And blissful is he who such happiness finds,)
To possess but a span of the hour of leisure,
  In elegant, pure, and aerial minds.

Which of the following from the poem is an example of anthropomorphism? 

Possible Answers:

"I see you are treading the verge of the sea" (line 14)

"What though while the wonders of nature exploring" (line 1)

"Its spray that the wild flower kindly bedews" (line 8)

"Why breathless, unable your bliss to declare" (line 10) 

"For, indeed, 'tis a sweet and peculiar pleasure" (line 25)

Correct answer:

"Its spray that the wild flower kindly bedews" (line 8)

Explanation:

Anthropomorphism involves the giving of human-like traits to non-human entities. The water is described as bedewing the wild flowers "kindly," a human characteristic. 

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