PSAT Math : Algebraic Functions

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for PSAT Math

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Example Questions

Example Question #982 : Psat Mathematics

If , find the value of .

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

f(4) = 4 + 1/4 = 16/4 + 1/4 = 17/4

Example Question #1025 : Algebra

If  and , what is ?

Possible Answers:

100

104

19

132

20

Correct answer:

132

Explanation:

g is a function of f, and f is a function of 3, so you must work inside out.

f(3) = 11

g(f(3)) = g(11) = 121 + 11 = 132

Example Question #1026 : Algebra

Jamie buys a new fish tank. It is 45% full. She adds seven more liters of water, and it is 65% full. What is the capacity of Jamie's new fish tank?

Possible Answers:

22 liters

27 liters

None of the other answers are correct.

35 liters

48 liters

Correct answer:

35 liters

Explanation:

The algebraic expression for x, the capacity of the fishtank is:

0.45x+7=0.65x

0.45x+7-0.45x=0.65x-0.45x

0.2x=7

0.2x\times\frac{1}{0.2}=7\times\frac{1}{0.2}

x=35\hspace{1 mm}L

The capacity of the fishtank is 35 liters.

Example Question #61 : How To Find F(X)

 

 

 

 

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

When we multiply a function by a constant, we multiply each value in the function by that constant. Thus, 2f(x) = 4x + 12. We then subtract g(x) from that function, making sure to distribute the negative sign throughout the function. Subtracting g(x) from 4x + 12 gives us 4x + 12 - (3x - 3) = 4x + 12 - 3x + 3 = x + 15. We then add 2 to x + 15, giving us our answer of x + 17.

Example Question #62 : How To Find F(X)

If f(t)=6+(4-t)^2, what is the smallest possible value of f(t)?

Possible Answers:

8

4

12

6

10

Correct answer:

6

Explanation:

This equation describes a parabola whose vertex is located at the point (4, 6). No matter how large or small the value of t gets, the smallest that f(t) can ever be is 6 because the parabola is concave up. To prove this to yourself you can plug in different values of t and see if you ever get anything smaller than 6.

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Example Question #1031 : Algebra

If f(x)=x^{2}+3, then f(x+h)= ?

Possible Answers:

x^{2}+3+h

x^{2}+h^{2}+3

x^{2}+h^{2}

x^{2}+2xh+h^{2}

x^{2}+2xh+h^{2}+3

Correct answer:

x^{2}+2xh+h^{2}+3

Explanation:

To find f(x+h) when f(x)=x^{2}+3, we substitute (x+h) for x in f(x).

Thus, f(x+h)=(x+h)^{2}+3.

We expand (x+h)^{2}  to x^{2}+xh+xh+h^{2}.

We can combine like terms to get x^{2}+2xh+h^{2}.

We add 3 to this result to get our final answer.

Example Question #1032 : Algebra

Letf(x)  and g(x) be functions such that f(x)=\frac{1}{x-3}, and f(g(x))=g(f(x))=x. Which of the following is equal to g(x)?

Possible Answers:

\frac{3x+1}{x}

\frac{4}{x}

\frac{x}{x+3}

\frac{1}{x+3}

\frac{x}{x-3}

Correct answer:

\frac{3x+1}{x}

Explanation:

If \dpi{100} h(x) and \dpi{100} k(x) are defined as inverse functions, then \dpi{100} h(k(x))=k(h(x))=x. Thus, according to the definition of inverse functions, \dpi{100} f(x) and \dpi{100} g(x) given in the problem must be inverse functions.

If we want to find the inverse of a function, the most straighforward method is usually replacing \dpi{100} f(x) with \dpi{100} y, swapping \dpi{100} y and \dpi{100} x, and then solving for \dpi{100} y.

We want to find the inverse of f(x)=\frac{1}{x-3}. First, we will replace \dpi{100} f(x) with \dpi{100} y.

y = \frac{1}{x-3}

Next, we will swap \dpi{100} x and \dpi{100} y.

x = \frac{1}{y-3}

Lastly, we will solve for \dpi{100} y. The equation that we obtain in terms of \dpi{100} x will be in the inverse of \dpi{100} f(x), which equals \dpi{100} g(x).

We can treat x = \frac{1}{y-3} as a proportion, \frac{x}{1} = \frac{1}{y-3}. This allows us to cross multiply and set the results equal to one another.

x(y-3)= 1

We want to get y by itself, so let's divide both sides by x.

y-3=\frac{1}{x}

Next, we will add 3 to both sides.

y=\frac{1}{x}+3

To combine the right side, we will need to rewrite 3 so that it has a denominator of \dpi{100} x.

y=\frac{1}{x}+3 = \frac{1}{x}+\frac{3x}{x}=\frac{3x+1}{x}

The answer is \frac{3x+1}{x}.

Example Question #1033 : Algebra

 .

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

Example Question #62 : How To Find F(X)

Let the function f be defined by f(x)=x-t. If f(12)=4, what is the value of f(0.5*t)?

 

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

First we substitute in 12 for x and set the equation up as 12-t=4. We then get t=8, and substitute that for t and get f(0.5*8), giving us f(4). Plugging 4 in for x, and using t=8 that we found before, gives us:

f(4) = 4 - 8 = -4

 

 

Example Question #61 : Algebraic Functions

Which of the following is equal to  if ?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

To solve, we can set the given function equal to six and solve for .

Add 3 to each side:

Take the square root. Remember that the root can be positive OR negative:

Subtract 3 from each side. It will be easiest to separate the equation into two parts:

Now we know that  is equal to  or . Based on the available answer options, the correct choice must be .

 

You can also solve this question by checking each answer option separately; you should find the same final answer.

Substitute each of the answer choices to see which one makes the equation equal to 6.

 

The answer to this question is . No other answer makes the equation equal 6.

 

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