All Organic Chemistry Resources
Example Questions
Example Question #21 : Reactions Types
A solvolysis reaction occurs when dimethyl bromoethane is placed in methanol.
What is the final product?
2-methoxy-2-methylpropane
2-ethoxy-3-propanoic acid
3-methoxy-2-ethylbutane
3-isoproxy-1-butanol
2-methoxy-2-methylpropane
A solvolysis reaction is simply an reaction where the solvent acts as a nucleophile.
In this case, we start with a tertiary alkyl halide. Bromine, a stellar leaving group, leaves the substrate and leaves a carbocation intermediate. The methanol is then free to attack the carbon chain at the site of the carbocation to form an ether. The correct answer is 2-methoxy-2-methylpropane.
Example Question #111 : Organic Chemistry
Which of the following reagents would convert 2-butanol into 2-bromobutane?
The correct answer is .
Alcohol is a horrible leaving group. is often employed to convert an alcohol group into a bromine group so that additional substitution and elimination reactions can ensue.
Example Question #23 : Reactions Types
II only
III only
I only
I and II
II only
Cyanide is a weak base and a good nucleophile, and the solvent is aprotic; therefore, the product is favored. This involves 100% inversion of stereochemistry; therefore II is favored.
Example Question #24 : Reactions Types
Which of these molecules would undergo a faster SN2 reaction?
They would react at the same rate.
3-iodo-1-butene
2-iodobutane
Neither would undergo the reaction.
3-iodo-1-butene
The double bond in 3-iodo-1-butene would stabilize the transition state through resonance. This would make the transition state lower in energy due to its increased stability. Thus, the reaction would be faster as reactions with lower activation energies proceed at faster rates.
Example Question #25 : Reactions Types
Would this reaction proceed through an SN1 or SN2 mechanism?
SN1
Neither
SN2
Both
SN1
This reaction would use an SN1 mechanism because the leaving group, bromine, is on a tertiary carbon, which is a carbon attached to three other carbon atoms. The bulk of these methyl groups would make SN2 impossible, but it would make the carbocation produced by an SN1 reaction very stable. The methyl group would lead to hyperconjugation, which is a type of resonance that stabilizes transition states.
Example Question #22 : Reactions Types
Classify the type of reaction given.
Substitution
Addition
Elimination
Rearrangement
Substitution
A substitution reaction is a chemical reaction that occurs when the reactants exchange atoms to form new products. In the reaction given the chloride in chloromethane is substituted for the hydroxide in sodium hydroxide to form methanol. Also the hydroxide in sodium hydroxide is substituted for the chloride in chloromethane to form sodium chloride.
Example Question #23 : Reactions Types
Classify the type of reaction given.
Substitution
Catalytic
Elimination
Addition
Substitution
A substitution reaction is a chemical reaction that occurs when the reactants exchange atoms to form new products. In the reaction given the chloride and hydroxyl groups in water and 2-chloro-2-methylpropane are exchanged in the reactants to form two new products.
Example Question #24 : Reactions Types
Classify the type of reaction given.
Substitution
Heterolytic
reaction
Addition
Substitution
A substitution reaction is a chemical reaction that occurs when the reactants exchange atoms to form new products. In the reaction given the chloride in 1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene is substituted for the hydroxide in sodium hydroxide to form 4-nitrophenol. Also the hydroxide in sodium hydroxide is substituted for the chloride in 1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene to form sodium chloride.
Example Question #25 : Reactions Types
Classify the type of reaction given.
Addition
Elimination
Substitution
Rearrangement
Substitution
A substitution reaction is a chemical reaction that occurs when the reactants exchange atoms to form new products. In the reaction given the hydrogen atom in benzene is substituted for the nitro group in nitric acid to form nitrobenzene.
Example Question #31 : Reactions Types
What is the product of the reaction shown?
None of these
The reaction shown is a nucleophilic substitution reaction. The molecule shown is a primary alkyl bromide, and the nucleophile that will be used is the iodide anion (). In this type of reaction the iodide will displace the bromide on the organic molecule, generating iodoethane ().