There are several risk factors for preeclampsia. These include history of hypertension, diabetes, older maternal age, first-time pregnancies (primigravida), and pregnancies with twins or multiples.

Jaundice of a newborn may be either pathologic or physiologic. Pathologic jaundice is usually the result of Rh incompatability between the mother and the fetus. It occurs during a subsequent birth after the mother's blood has been exposed to the infant's blood during the first birth. Rhogam is given to the mother to prevent her immune system from attacking the second fetus, causing erythroblastosis fetalis and subsequent pathological jaundice. 

The first action should be to increase fluids, place on their left side and give oxygen. It is not necessary to contact the physician until all nursing interventions have failed. Epinephrine, a vasopressor should be reserved for emergent situations only. 

The calculation of an estimated date of birth requires applying Naegele's rule, where once determining the first day of the client's last menstral period, subtract 3 months and add 7 days and one year. 

Variable decelerations can occur at any time during a contraction, or without a contraction. They are caused by the umbilical cord that is prolapsed or wrapped around the fetal neck also known as a "nuchal cord." The compression of the cord can ultimately lead to fetal hypoxia and therefore an intervention will be required to alleviate the compression. 

Blood clots are not a common effect in the fetus due to Rh incompatibility. A disorder known as erythroblastosis fetalis is a type of hemolytic disease that occurs in the fetus due to an immune reaction of the Rh negative mother and an Rh positive fetus. All other choices are associated with this type of incompatibility.

A missed abortion is marked by the death of the fetus in utero but is not expelled from the uterus. If left untreated can lead to infection in the womb, it is marked by foul odor and bleeding as well as an elevated temperture and sepsis. 

A hydatidiform molar pregnancy is mostly a benign process that may occur due to an abnormal ovum becoming fertilized and growing into collection of cells in a cluster like formation. They are benign over 80% of the time. Rho-D immune globulin is a medication administered to an Rh negative mother that will give birth to a second Rh positive child to prevent an immune reaction that may harm the child. 

Magnesium sulfate is used to prevent seizures in women with severe preeclampsia. Calcium gluconate is the antidote if magnesium toxicity is assessed. It should be readily available when a woman is receiving magnesium sulfate. Pitocin is used to stimulate the uterus, often to induce labor. Nubain is an opioid that can be given to women during labor to treat pain. Zolpidem (Ambien) is a sleep aid. 

Yoga once per week (light exercise) is the least likely of the above to cause a change in regular menstruation. Cross country or long distance running (vigorous exercise) is more likely to cause changes to a woman's cycle. Poor lifestyle choices such as eating habits and health issues such as kidney disease can also cause irregular menstruation. Likewise, pharmaceuticals can have the same effect.