NCLEX : NCLEX

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for NCLEX

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Example Questions

Example Question #141 : Other General Biology

What is the formula for calculating Body Mass Index (BMI)?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

In standard units, the formula for body mass index is:

Example Question #451 : Nclex

Which of the following is considered a normal body mass index (BMI)?

Possible Answers:

18.5 - 24.9

22.9 - 30.5

16.9-22.9

26.5-32.9

Correct answer:

18.5 - 24.9

Explanation:

Normal BMI is considered to be 18.5 - 24.9. A BMI below that would indicate that the individual is underweight, while a higher value may indicate that the individual is overweight.  

Example Question #452 : Nclex

A BMI over what value could indicate severe obesity?

Possible Answers:

38

40

36

34

Correct answer:

40

Explanation:

BMI values between 30 and 39.9 indicate obesity, while a BMI over 40 could indicate that the individual is severely obese. 

Example Question #21 : Nutrition

Which of the following is a water-soluble vitamin?

Possible Answers:

Vitamin D

Vitamin E

Vitamin A

Vitamin B5

Correct answer:

Vitamin B5

Explanation:

Vitamin B5, or pantothenic acid, is the only water-soluble vitamin listed. Vitamins A, E, D, and K are all fat soluble and so should be consumed with fat to be absorbed.

Example Question #452 : Nclex

Which of the following nutrients delays gastric emptying, increases satiety, and lowers LDL cholesterol by interfering with the absorption of dietary cholesterol?

Possible Answers:

Carbohydrates

Insoluble fiber

Unsaturated fat

Soluble fiber

Correct answer:

Soluble fiber

Explanation:

Soluble fiber, present in oat bran, barley, nuts, seeds, and legumes, delays gastric emptying, increases satiety, and lowers LDL cholesterol by interfering with the absorption of dietary cholesterol. Insoluble fiber passes through the gastrointestinal tract relatively intact, provides bulk for stool, and reduces bowel transit time. Carbohydrates and unsaturated will not lower LDL cholesterol or delay gastric emptying, though they will increase satiety.

Example Question #451 : Nclex

Which of the following vitamins will be better absorbed when taken with a meal that contains fat?

Possible Answers:

Vitamin D

Vitamin C

Vitamin B2

Vitamin B6

Correct answer:

Vitamin D

Explanation:

Vitamin D is a fat soluble vitamin, and so will be better absorbed when taken with a meal that contains fat. The other vitamins listed may be better absorbed with food, but do not require fat for transport across intestinal membranes, as they are water-soluble. 

Example Question #452 : Nclex

Which of the following is a conditionally essential amino acid?

Possible Answers:

Aspartic acid

Methionine

Arginine

Histidine

Correct answer:

Arginine

Explanation:

Conditionally essential amino acids are those that can be produced by the body under normal circumstances, but may not be able to be produced during certain situations, such as certain disease states or severe catabolic stress. Arginine is the only conditionally essential amino acid listed. Histidine and methionine are both essential amino acids, while aspartic acid is a non-essential amino acid.

Example Question #453 : Nclex

Which of the following nutrients has strong antioxidant properties?

Possible Answers:

Vitamin C

Biotin

Copper

Potassium

Correct answer:

Vitamin C

Explanation:

Vitamin C is one of the body's most important antioxidants. Antioxidants are reducing agents - that is they themselves get oxidized. Recall: OIL RIG. Thus antioxidants such as vitamin C are electron donors, able to stabilize the free radicals produced by various metabolic processes in tissues and extracellular spaces. Vitamin E (not listed) is another important antioxidant and is actually more potent than vitamin C.

Example Question #152 : General Biology

Which of the following substances, produced in the stomach, aids in later absorption of vitamin B12 in the small intestine?

Possible Answers:

Intrinsic factor

Gastric lipase

Hydrochloric acid

Pepsin

Correct answer:

Intrinsic factor

Explanation:

While all of the substances listed are present in gastric secretions and are necessary for normal digestion, intrinsic factor is the only one that has a direct role in vitamin B12 absorption in the small intestine. Deficiencies in intrinsic factor due to genetic variation or damage to stomach lining can result in pernicious anemia, a type of anemia that is caused by insufficient levels of B12.

Example Question #454 : Nclex

What enzyme, present in saliva, initiates the digestion of carbohydrates?

Possible Answers:

Lipase

Amylase

Pepsin

Protease

Correct answer:

Amylase

Explanation:

The digestion of dietary carbohydrates is initiated by amylase, an enzyme present in saliva. This enzyme breaks down long carbohydrate molecules into shorter units such as disaccharides. Lipase breaks down fats and is not present in the saliva, rather it is secreted by the pancreas into the duodenum. Pepsin is a protease - an enzyme that breaks down proteins. This enzyme is secreted by the chief cells of the stomach in its zymogen form (pepsinogen). It is activated by the product of the parietal cells (hydrochloric acid). Note that amylase is also secreted by the pancreas to complete the chemical digestion of carbohydrates into monosaccharides so that they can be absorbed by the brush border of the small intestine.

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