Doctor: A major study found no causal link between having received an MMR vaccine and having autism, but the study is flawed. The study looked at 500 people who had received an MMR vaccine. Because autism occurs in less than 1% of the population, researchers would need to include many more than 500 people in a study to detect a meaningful increase in the rate of autism.

Which of the following most accurately expresses the main conclusion of the doctor's argument?

While coffee does stain teeth, most claims that coffee has ill-effects are unfounded. There is even some evidence of health benefits. The situation may be different when the arguments relate to people who consume more than a moderate amount of coffee.

Which of the following conclusions most logically follows from the argument?

We all have an obligation to do our part to protect nature. Only those who do are environmentally responsible. No people who insist on using incandescent light bulbs do their part to protect nature.

Which of the following conclusions follows:

Taxpayers have been complaining about the U.S. tax system for many years. The tax system is so complex that very few can understand its provisions. A tax system that can only be understood by a very few people inefficiently generates revenue.

Which of the following is a logical conclusion to the argument?

Public transportaion plays less of a role in commuting within cities than it once did, which is unfortunate because the benefits for cities and residents are substantial.  Public transportation leads to less traffic congestion, more parking for those who do drive, less stress, less expense, and better air quality. Legitimate downsides to taking public transportation include safety concerns and lengthened commutes. Addressing these concerns would take effort but would also produce tremendous benefits.

Which of the following conclusions best follows from the argument?

The growth of coffee shops raises interesting questions about the desire to spend time with other people. Coffee shops are wildly popular but it is not clear why. Sure, people love coffee, but they don't need to sit in a coffee shop to drink it. Further, while coffee shops try to create pleasant study environments, it seems unlikely that people sit for hours for the music over the speakers and the pictures on the walls. Besides, as coffee shops have become more popular, public and school libraries have become less popular. Is it possible that the real coffee shop appeal is the opportunity to be around other people?

Which of the following most accurately states the primary point of the passage?

The school needs to find new ways to improve its test scores. Although the school used to have a large amount of highly-qualified teachers, many of them have left to pursue other careers. Their departure has harmed the quality of instruction students receive. The school is unlikely to attract talented teachers in the near future.

Which one of the following most accurately presents the main conclusion of the passage?

While factory unions provide accountability for employers and job security for employees, they also present some hazards.  First, unions always increase costs of production by adding bureaucracy.  Second, unions sometimes serve the elitist purpose of providing high pay and benefits for union members while non-members fail to find any employment.

Which of the following is the most logical conclusion to the passage?

The Salem witch trials are often cited as an example of mob mentality.  There are many lessons to learn from the events, but fear of mob mentality is not one of them.  First, the entire process took place over an extended period of time.  Second, the leaders and participants carefully considered actions before they were taken.  In contrast, mob mentality generally describes actions that are not carefully considered and that end quickly.

Which of the following most accurately describes the main point of the passage?

The political writer criticized the use of the term, "global warming," as he believes it can confuse the general public as to the reality of the climate change that the world is experiencing. The trends that we are seeing in climate change are not limited to increased temperatures in some areas, but also significantly decreased temperatures in others. The issue isn't the general "warming" of the globe, but its simultaneous warming and cooling. Based on these facts, the writer prefers the term "global weirding" to "global warming."

Which of the following most accurately describes the main point of the argument?