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ISEE Upper Level Quantitative : Quadrilaterals

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Example Questions

Example Question #1 : How To Find The Length Of The Side Of A Trapezoid

Trapezoid

In the above diagram, which depicts Trapezoid TRAP , TX = RY = 14 and XP = YA = 15 . Which is the greater quantity?

(a)

(b) 24

Possible Answers:

It is impossible to determine which is greater from the information given

(b) is the greater quantity

(a) and (b) are equal

(a) is the greater quantity

Correct answer:

(b) is the greater quantity

Explanation:

To see that (b) is the greater quantity of the two, it suffices to construct the midsegment of the trapezoid - the segment which has as its endpoints the midpoints of legs $\overline{TP }$ and $\overline{RA }$ . Since TX < XP and RY < YA , the midsegment, $\overline{MN }$ , is positioned as follows:

Trapezoid

The length of the midsegment is half the sum of the bases, so

$MN = \frac{1}{2} (TR + AP )= \frac{1}{2} \cdot (12 + 36 ) = 24$

XY < MN , so XY < 24 .

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Example Question #1 : How To Find The Length Of The Side Of A Trapezoid

Trapezoid 1

Figure NOT drawn to scale.

The above figure depicts Trapezoid TRAP with midsegment $\overline{MN}$ . MT = 6 , and RN = 9 .

Give the area of Trapezoid MNAP in terms of .

Possible Answers:

- 3x+ 180

3x- 60

3x + 180

3x+ 60

Correct answer:

- 3x+ 180

Explanation:

The midsegment of a trapezoid has as its length half the sum of the lengths of the bases, which here are $\overline{TR}$ and $\overline{AP }$ :

$MN = \frac{1}{2} (TR + AP )$

$20 = \frac{1}{2} (x+ y)$

$20 \cdot 2 = \frac{1}{2} (x+ y) \cdot 2$

40 = x+ y

40 - x = y

Therefore, AP = 40 - x

The area of Trapezoid MNAP is one half multiplied by the height, , multiplied by the sum of the lengths of the bases, and . The midsegment of a trapezoid bisects both legs, so MP = MT = 6 , and the area is

$A = \frac{1}{2} \cdot MP \cdot (MN + AP)$

$A = \frac{1}{2} \cdot 6 \cdot (20 + 40 - x )$

$A =3 \cdot (60 - x )$

A =180 - 3x

A = - 3x+ 180

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Example Question #51 : Quadrilaterals

Trapezoid 1

The above figure depicts Trapezoid TRAP with midsegment $\overline{MN }$ . Express in terms of .

Possible Answers:

y = 40 + x

y = 40 - x

y = 2 x + 20

y = 2x- 20

Correct answer:

y = 40 - x

Explanation:

The midsegment of a trapezoid has as its length half the sum of the lengths of the bases, which here are $\overline{TR}$ and $\overline{AP }$ :

$MN = \frac{1}{2} (TR + AP )$

$20 = \frac{1}{2} (x+ y)$

$20 \cdot 2 = \frac{1}{2} (x+ y) \cdot 2$

40 = x+ y

40 - x = x+ y - x

40 - x = y

The correct choice is y = 40 - x .

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Example Question #52 : Quadrilaterals

Given Trapezoid TRAP , where $\overline{TR} \parallel \overline{PA}$ . Also, $m \angle A > m\angle P$

Which is the greater quantity?

(a) $m\angle T$

(b) $m \angle R$

Possible Answers:

(a) is greater

It is impossible to tell from the information given

(b) is greater

(a) and (b) are equal

Correct answer:

(a) is greater

Explanation:

$\angle T$ and $\angle P$ are same-side interior angles, as are $\angle R$ and $\angle A$ .

The Same-Side Interior Angles Theorem states that if two parallel lines are crossed by a transversal, then the sum of the measures of a pair of same-side interior angles is always $180^{\circ}$ . Therefore,

$m \angle T + m \angle P = 180$ , or $m \angle P = 180 - m \angle T$

$m \angle R + m \angle A = 180$ , or $m \angle A = 180 - m \angle R$

Substitute:

$m \angle A > m\angle P$

$180 - m \angle R > 180 - m\angle T$

$180 - m \angle R -180 > 180 - m\angle T-180$

$- m \angle R > - m\angle T$

$- (- m \angle R )<-\left ( - m\angle T \right )$

$m \angle R < m\angle T$

(a) is the greater quantity

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Example Question #51 : Quadrilaterals

Consider trapezoid TRAP , where $\overline{TR} \parallel \overline{PA}$ . Also, $\angle A$ is acute and $\angle P$ is obtuse.

Which is the greater quantity?

(a) $m \angle T$

(b) $m \angle R$

Possible Answers:

(a) is greater.

(a) and (b) are equal.

It is impossible to tell from the information given.

(b) is greater.

Correct answer:

(b) is greater.

Explanation:

$\angle T$ and $\angle P$ are same-side interior angles, as are $\angle R$ and $\angle A$ .

The Same-Side Interior Angles Theorem states that if two parallel lines are crossed by a transversal, then same-side interior angles are supplementary. A pair of supplementary angles comprises either two right angles, or one acute angle and one obtuse angle. Since $\angle A$ is acute and $\angle P$ is obtuse, $\angle R$ is obtuse and $\angle T$ is acute. Therefore $\angle R$ the greater measure of the two, making (b) greater.

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Example Question #53 : Quadrilaterals

Trapezoid

The above diagram depicts trapezoid TRAP . Which is the greater quantity?

(a) $m \angle T + m \angle P$

(b) $m \angle R + m \angle A$

Possible Answers:

It is impossible to tell from the information given.

(b) is greater.

(a) is greater.

(a) and (b) are equal.

Correct answer:

(a) and (b) are equal.

Explanation:

$\overline{TR} \parallel \overline{PA}$ ; $\angle T$ and $\angle P$ are same-side interior angles, as are $\angle R$ and $\angle A$ .

The Same-Side Interior Angles Theorem states that if two parallel lines are crossed by a transversal, then the sum of the measures of a pair of same-side interior angles is always $180^{\circ}$ .

Therefore, $m \angle T + m \angle P = 180= m \angle R + m \angle A$ , making the two quantities equal.

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Example Question #1 : How To Find The Area Of A Parallelogram

Parallelogram

In the above parallelogram, $\angle 1$ is acute. Which is the greater quantity?

(A) The area of the parallelogram

(B) 120 square inches

Possible Answers:

It is impossible to determine which is greater from the information given

(B) is greater

(A) is greater

(A) and (B) are equal

Correct answer:

(B) is greater

Explanation:

Since $\angle 1$ is acute, a right triangle can be constructed with an altitude as one leg and a side as the hypotenuse, as is shown here. The height of the triangle must be less than its sidelength of 8 inches.

Parallelogram

The height of the parallelogram must be less than its sidelength of 8 inches.

The area of the parallelogram is the product of the base and the height - which is $A = 15 \cdot n$

Therefore,

n < 8

$15 \cdot n <15 \cdot 8$

A < 120

(B) is greater.

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Example Question #1 : Parallelograms

Parallelogram A is below:

Rhombus_1

Parallelogram B is below:

Parallelogram

Note: These figures are NOT drawn to scale.

Refer to the parallelograms above. Which is the greater quantity?

(A) The area of parallelogram A

(B) The area of parallelogram B

Possible Answers:

(A) and (B) are equal

(A) is greater

It is impossible to determine which is greater from the information given

(B) is greater

Correct answer:

(A) and (B) are equal

Explanation:

The area of a parallelogram is the product of its height and its base; its slant length is irrelevant. Both parallelograms have the same height (8 inches) and the same base (1 foot, or 12 inches), so they have the same areas.

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Example Question #1 : How To Find The Area Of A Parallelogram

Parallelogram

Figure NOT drawn to scale

The above figure shows Rhombus ABCD ; and are midpoints of their respective sides. Rectangle AXCY has area 150.

Give the area of Rhombus ABCD .

Possible Answers:

300

450

375

225

Correct answer:

300

Explanation:

A rhombus, by definition, has four sides of equal length. Therefore, AB= CD . Also, since and are the midpoints of their respective sides,

$AX = XB = \frac{1}{2 }AB=\frac{1}{2 } CD = CY = YD$

We will assign to the common length of the four half-sides of the rhombus.

Also, both $\overline{AY}$ and $\overline{XC}$ are altitudes of the rhombus; the are congruent, and we will call their common length (height).

The figure, with the lengths, is below.

Rhombus

Rectangle AXCY has dimensions and ; its area, 150, is the product of these dimensions, so

$A_{1} = hn = 150$

The area of the entire Rhombus ABCD is the product of its height and the length of a base , so

$A = h \cdot 2n = 2hn = 2 \cdot hn = 2 \cdot 150 = 300$ .

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Example Question #261 : Plane Geometry

Parallelogram

In the above parallelogram, $\angle 1$ is acute. Which is the greater quantity?

(A) The perimeter of the parallelogram

(B) 46 inches

Possible Answers:

It is impossible to determine which is greater from the information given

(A) is greater

(B) is greater

(A) and (B) are equal

Correct answer:

(A) and (B) are equal

Explanation:

The measure of $\angle 1$ is actually irrelevant. The perimeter of the parallelogram is the sum of its four sides; since opposite sides of a parallelogram have the same length, the perimeter is

P = 8 + 15 + 8 + 15 = 46 inches,

making the quantities equal.

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ISEE Upper Level Quantitative : Quadrilaterals

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for ISEE Upper Level Quantitative

All ISEE Upper Level Quantitative Resources

Example Questions

Example Question #1 : How To Find The Length Of The Side Of A Trapezoid

Example Question #1 : How To Find The Length Of The Side Of A Trapezoid

Example Question #51 : Quadrilaterals

Example Question #52 : Quadrilaterals

Example Question #51 : Quadrilaterals

Example Question #53 : Quadrilaterals

Example Question #1 : How To Find The Area Of A Parallelogram

Example Question #1 : Parallelograms

Example Question #1 : How To Find The Area Of A Parallelogram

Example Question #261 : Plane Geometry

All ISEE Upper Level Quantitative Resources

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