The young man in this sentence is acting like everything's fine, even when it's not. Two of the answer choices could fit with this sense of acting: "charade" and "façade." The word "charade," however, suggests a mockery or parody (as its application to the game Charades would imply). "Façade" is related to the word "face," and means to put on a false face (either as a fake front of a building or as a deceptive facial expression).

The information before the semi-colon suggests that it is common to root for less successful sports teams. In any situation in which there are two competitors, one that is heavily favored and one that is expected to lose, we can call the less favored competitor an “underdog.” To provide further help, a “champion” is a winner of some competition; an “autocrat” is a dictator; an “orator” is someone who is good at public-speaking; and a “neophyte” is a beginner.

Because Tim thinks the doctor does not know what she is doing, it suggests that Tim would think she was not a good doctor, or was a phony doctor. This leads us to the correct answer, which is “quack.” A “quack” is an imposter who claims to know what he or she is doing, but actually does not. To provide further help, a “nomad” is someone who travels without a fixed home; a “prototype” is a model intended to serve as an example; a “turncoat” is someone who changes from supporting one cause to supporting an opposing one; and “succor” means help, aid or assistance.

We can infer that because Carol "excel[ed] in the advanced [math] classes" and "plac[ed] in the top five in the school district's math competition" that she had a talent for math. So, we need to pick out an answer choice that means something like "talent for." "Ignorance of" means the opposite of the answer choice we are looking for, and "distaste for," "annoyance with," and "fear of" all involve negative connotations that don't fit the sentence's context. "Aptitude for" is the best answer choice because "aptitude" is a noun that means "a natural ability to do something" or "a natural tendency." Because "aptitude for" best fits the sentence's context, it is the correct answer.

The context of the sentence tells us that President Barack Obama was given the Nobel Peace Prize. This means he received it or was the “recipient.” To provide further help, an “aperture” is an opening; an “agent” is someone or something that makes something happen; “captive” means caught, imprisoned; “facile” means easy to do. 

The second part of this sentence illustrates that the missing word needs to give the reader an idea of how disastrous the typhoon was. The best word to complete the sentence is "calamity." The definition of "calamity" is a disaster, or an event that causes significant damage to a region or area.

We know that the dogs were trained to work with each other, and while "together" might seem like the obvious answer, it doesn't fit in the blank because of the sentence's grammar; the sled dogs don't "work in together" with each other. However, "tandem" is a word that when used as an adverb, means "alongside each other; together"; because "in tandem" is a phrase that also means "alongside each other; together" and is grammatically correct, "tandem" is the correct answer.

The key thing to note for this question is the implication that Justin is not an able administrator. This means that he lacks ability to run the school, which is best expressed by the word "inability." Here, the "in-" prefix means lack of. Often, "i-" or some form of it (like "in-") indicates the lack or opposite of something. For example, "illicit" and "illegal" both mean "not legal" or "lacking legality."

Because the troops invaded in winter and suffered in freezing conditions, we can assume they succumbed to a disease caused by being very cold, or “hypothermia.” The prefix hypo- means very, and the suffix -therm means related to temperature. To provide further help, “acupuncture” is a treatment of disease through sticking needles all over the skin; “hyperactive” means wired, restless, energetic; “accumulate” means collect; “denigration” means scorn.

The information in this sentence tells us that we are looking for an answer choice that describes someone who knows everything. The prefix "omni-" means everything and "sci" refers to knowledge, so someone who is “omniscient” or has “omniscience” knows everything. To provide further help, “omnipotent” means all-powerful; “insinuation” is an accusation; “indoctrination” is the process of manipulating someone into agreeing with an ideology; “numeration” means listing or counting.