We really do not know if Matthew's desk was very dirty; all that the sentence conveys is that the work area was disorganized. This is explained in the description and in the contrast that is made between Matthew's desk and Courtney's work area. Therefore, the only option that works is "untidy." When things are "neat and tidy," they are organized. Something that is "untidy" is disorganized. Sometimes, we call our bedrooms "untidy" if we leave things lying around. Yes, that can include "dirty" or "soiled" clothes, but the "untidiness" mainly comes from the lack of organization, not the dirt!

We really don't know if the idea was "outdated" or "dangerous" in any way; all that we know is that Flavian must have feared that the idea would seem unacceptable and abnormal. The only option that is somewhat close to this idea is "controversial." Whenever something is "controversial," it creates a lot of disagreement and argumentation. The people's reaction was quite the opposite of that which happens when something is controversial. They just accepted it! However, Flavian had thought it would be controversial and unacceptable. The contrast is indicated by the word "although."

By means of the word "although" there is a contrast between those people who are watching the launch on television and those who are watching it "in person." Now, the only word that really works for to experience in person is "witness." You likely know the noun form of this word.  When a crime happens, we often talk about "the witnesses", namely people who saw the crime. The act of "witnessing" is the act of directly experiencing something. Do not select "reported." A witness may later report on what is witnessed. The actual seeing is witnessing, not reporting.

You must use the context clues in this sentence to find the best phrase to complete it. Caitlin is worried that she does not know how to speak German, so to it would make the most sense that she was pleasantly surprised about people speaking English. The other choices have nothing to do with what the beginning of the sentence is talking about, so would not make sense.

Although all of the choices would make a complete sentence, the choice "ordered pizza at home," makes the most sense because it has to do with what happened in the beginning of the sentence. The other choices have no connection to the pizza party being cancelled, so do not make as much sense.

Using the context clues of the sentence where it says, "creates no pollutants." we can predict that the missing word should be something good or positive. The only positive choice is "benefits." The rest of the words would not make sense in the sentence because they would suggest that the wind power is doing something negative. 

Let's divide this sentence into two parts. First, we're told that the teacher usually wanted her days to be "unique and exciting." However, the conjunction "but" lets us know that we're looking for the opposite. In other words, sometimes the teacher looks forward to days that are not unique or exciting. Of the answer choices, a little bit of "variety" is similar to uniqueness; "distinctiveness" can be eliminated for the same reason. Even "amusement" is too close in meaning to "excitement," so we are left with "monotony," a word that refers to repetition of tedious or boring tasks. So, the teacher generally wished for excitement, but occasionally looked forward to a dull or "monotonous" day.

Notice the nature of the contrast. The sentence is contrasting Cecelia's time at work with the other time that she has. Our "leisure time" is our free time—when we can do what we want because we want to do it. Since leisure time best contrasts with being at work, this is the best answer for this question.

In this sentence, it is made clear that the student has an excess of energy and as a result is pacing about his room. This indicates that he is "restless," meaning that he is not able to relax himself. "Restless" is therefore the best way to complete this sentence.

In this sentence, the clue words as to what to fill the blank with are "making her feel alive and full of energy." The word that goes in the blank should have a meaning similar to this. "Invigorates" means to inspire or give one a lot of energy or passion. Therefore, "invigorates" is the correct answer.