HSPT Math : HSPT Mathematics

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for HSPT Math

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Example Questions

Example Question #661 : Grade 7

What angle is complementary to \(\displaystyle 65$^{\circ}$\)?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 35$^{\circ}$\)

\(\displaystyle 130$^{\circ}$\)

\(\displaystyle 65$^{\circ}$\)

\(\displaystyle 25$^{\circ}$\)

\(\displaystyle 115$^{\circ}$\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 25$^{\circ}$\)

Explanation:

To find the other angle, subtract the given angle from \(\displaystyle 90$^{\circ}$\) since complementary angles add up to \(\displaystyle 90$^{\circ}$\).

The complementary is:

\(\displaystyle \angle 90-\angle65 = \angle25\)

Example Question #1 : Solve Simple Equations For An Unknown Angle In A Figure: Ccss.Math.Content.7.G.B.5

What is the supplementary angle to \(\displaystyle 100$^{\circ}$\)?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 170$^{\circ}$\)

\(\displaystyle 10$^{\circ}$\)

\(\displaystyle 70$^{\circ}$\)

\(\displaystyle 80$^{\circ}$\)

\(\displaystyle 280$^{\circ}$\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 80$^{\circ}$\)

Explanation:

Supplementary angles add up to \(\displaystyle 180$^{\circ}$\). In order to find the correct angle, take the known angle and subtract that from \(\displaystyle 180$^{\circ}$\).

\(\displaystyle 180$^{\circ}$ -100$^{\circ}$ = 80$^{\circ}$\)

Example Question #2 : Solve Simple Equations For An Unknown Angle In A Figure: Ccss.Math.Content.7.G.B.5

What angle is complement to \(\displaystyle \frac{\pi}{6}\)?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle \frac{2\pi}{3}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{\pi}{6}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{\pi}{9}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{\pi}{3}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{\pi}{4}\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle \frac{\pi}{3}\)

Explanation:

The complement to an angle is ninety degrees subtract the angle since two angles must add up to 90.  In this case, since we are given the angle in radians, we are subtracting from \(\displaystyle \frac{\pi}{2}\) instead to find the complement.  The conversion between radians and degrees is:  \(\displaystyle \pi \textup{ radians } = 180 \textup{ degrees}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{\pi}{2}-\frac{\pi}{6}\)

Reconvert the fractions to the least common denominator.

\(\displaystyle \frac{\pi}{2}-\frac{\pi}{6} = \frac{3\pi}{6}-\frac{\pi}{6} = \frac{2\pi}{6}\)

Reduce the fraction.

\(\displaystyle \frac{2\pi}{6} = \frac{\pi}{3}\)

Example Question #211 : Geometry

Spinner target 2

The above diagram shows a spinner. The radius of the smaller quarter-circles is half that of the larger quarter-circles.

A player spins the above spinner. What is the probability that the spinner will stop while pointing inside a red region?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle \frac{7}{24}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{11}{24}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{2}{7}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{5}{13}\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle \frac{7}{24}\)

Explanation:

The size of the regions does not matter here. What matters is the angle measurement, or, equivalently, what part of a circle each sector is.

The two smaller red regions each comprise one fourth of one fourth of a circle, or 

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{4} \times \frac{1}{4} = \frac{1}{16}\) circle.

The two larger red regions each comprise one third of one fourth of a circle, or

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{4} \times \frac{1}{3} = \frac{1}{12}\) circle.

Therefore, the total angle measure comprises

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{16} + \frac{1}{16} + \frac{1}{12} + \frac{1}{12}\)

\(\displaystyle =\frac{3}{48} + \frac{3}{48} + \frac{4}{48} + \frac{4}{48}\)

\(\displaystyle = \frac{14}{48} = \frac{7}{24}\)

of a circle.

This makes \(\displaystyle \frac{7}{24}\) the correct probability.

 

 

Example Question #11 : How To Find The Measure Of An Angle

Spinner target 2

The above diagram shows a spinner. The radius of the smaller quarter-circles is half that of the larger quarter-circles.

A player spins the above spinner. What are the odds against the spinner landing while pointing inside one of the blue regions?

Possible Answers:

8 to 5

13 to 11

17 to 7

5 to 2

Correct answer:

17 to 7

Explanation:

The size of the regions does not matter here. What matters is the angle measurement, or, equivalently, what part of a circle each sector is.

Two of the blue sectors are each one third of one quarter-circle, and thus are

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{3} \times \frac{1}{4} = \frac{1}{12}\)

of one circle. 

The other two blue sectors are each one fourth of one quarter-circle, and thus are

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{4} \times \frac{1}{4} = \frac{1}{16}\)

of one circle. 

Therefore, the total angle measure comprises

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{16} + \frac{1}{16} + \frac{1}{12} + \frac{1}{12}\)

\(\displaystyle =\frac{3}{48} + \frac{3}{48} + \frac{4}{48} + \frac{4}{48}\)

\(\displaystyle = \frac{14}{48} = \frac{7}{24}\)

of a circle. This makes \(\displaystyle \frac{7}{24}\) the correct probability. As odds, this translates to 

\(\displaystyle (24 -7): 7\), or \(\displaystyle 17:7\) odds against the spinner landing in blue.

 

Example Question #12 : How To Find The Measure Of An Angle

Spinner target 2

The above diagram shows a spinner. The radius of the smaller quarter-circles is half that of the larger quarter-circles.

A player spins the above spinner. What are the odds against the spinner landing while pointing inside the purple region?

Possible Answers:

13 to 1

11 to 1

7 to 1

9 to 1

Correct answer:

11 to 1

Explanation:

The size of the regions does not matter here. What matters is the angle measurement, or, equivalently, what part of a circle each sector is.

The purple region is one third of one quarter of a circle, or, equvalently,

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{3} \times \frac{1}{4} = \frac{1}{12}\) 

of a circle, so its central angle is \(\displaystyle \frac{1}{12}\) of the total measures of the angles of the sectors. This makes \(\displaystyle \frac{1}{12}\) the probability of the spinner stopping inside the purple region; this translates to

\(\displaystyle (12-1):1\) or \(\displaystyle 11:1\) odds against this occurrence.

Example Question #15 : How To Find The Measure Of An Angle

In parallelogram \(\displaystyle ABCD\)\(\displaystyle m \angle A = (t+ 56 )^{\circ }\). Give the measure of \(\displaystyle \angle B\) in terms of \(\displaystyle t\).

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle (124-t )^{\circ }\)

\(\displaystyle (t+ 56 )^{\circ }\)

\(\displaystyle (34-t )^{\circ }\)

\(\displaystyle (t+ 146)^{\circ }\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle (124-t )^{\circ }\)

Explanation:

\(\displaystyle \angle A\) and \(\displaystyle \angle B\) are a pair of adjacent angles of the parallelogram, and as such, they are supplementary - that is, their degree measures total 180. Therefore, 

\(\displaystyle m \angle A + m \angle B = 180 ^{\circ }\)

\(\displaystyle m \angle B = 180 ^{\circ } - m \angle A\)

\(\displaystyle = 180 ^{\circ } - (t+ 56 )^{\circ }\)

\(\displaystyle = (180 - 56 - t )^{\circ }\)

\(\displaystyle = (124-t )^{\circ }\)

Example Question #16 : How To Find The Measure Of An Angle

The measures of the angles of \(\displaystyle \bigtriangleup ABC\) are as follows:

\(\displaystyle m \angle A = (3t-14)^{\circ }\)

\(\displaystyle m \angle B = (2t+16)^{\circ }\)

\(\displaystyle m \angle C =( 5t)^{\circ }\)

Is this triangle acute, obtuse, right, or nonexistent?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle \bigtriangleup ABC\) is a right triangle

\(\displaystyle \bigtriangleup ABC\) cannot exist

\(\displaystyle \bigtriangleup ABC\) is an acute triangle

\(\displaystyle \bigtriangleup ABC\) is an obtuse triangle

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle \bigtriangleup ABC\) is an acute triangle

Explanation:

The sum of the measures of the angles of a triangle is 180 degrees, so solve for \(\displaystyle t\) in the equation:

\(\displaystyle m \angle A + m \angle B + m \angle C = 180^{\circ }\)

\(\displaystyle (3t-14) + (2t+16) + 5t = 180\)

\(\displaystyle 10t+ 2 = 180\)

\(\displaystyle 10t+ 2- 2 = 180 - 2\)

\(\displaystyle 10t = 178\)

\(\displaystyle 10t \div 10 = 178 \div 10\)

\(\displaystyle t = 17.8\)

\(\displaystyle m \angle A = (3t-14)^{\circ } = (3 \cdot 17.8-14)^{\circ } = (53.4-14)^{\circ } = 39.4^{\circ }\)

\(\displaystyle m \angle B = (2t+16)^{\circ } = (2 \cdot 17.8 + 16)^{\circ }= (35.6+ 16) ^{\circ }= 51.6^{\circ }\)

\(\displaystyle m \angle C =( 5t)^{\circ } = ( 5 \cdot 17.8)^{\circ } = 89 ^{\circ }\)

All three angles measure less than 90 degrees and are therefore acute angles; that makes \(\displaystyle \bigtriangleup ABC\) an acute triangle.

Example Question #221 : Geometry

If you have a right triangle, what is the measure of the two of the angles if they are equal?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 60\)

\(\displaystyle 90\)

\(\displaystyle 135\)

\(\displaystyle 45\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 45\)

Explanation:

The total degrees of the angles in a triangle are \(\displaystyle 180\).  

Since it is a right triangle, one of the three angles must be \(\displaystyle 90.\) 

That leaves you with \(\displaystyle 90\) for the other two angles \(\displaystyle (180-90=90)\).  

If they are equal, you just divide the remaining degrees by \(\displaystyle 2\) to get \(\displaystyle 90/2=45\).

Example Question #11 : How To Find The Measure Of An Angle

If you have a right triangle with an angle measuring 45 degrees, what is the third angle measurement?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 90^\circ\)

\(\displaystyle 30^\circ\)

\(\displaystyle 45^\circ\)

\(\displaystyle 180^\circ\)

\(\displaystyle 60^\circ\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 45^\circ\)

Explanation:

A right triangle has one 90 degree angle and all three angles must equal 180 degrees.

To find the answer, just subtract the two angles you have from the total to get 

\(\displaystyle 180^\circ-\textup{Angle 1}-\textup{Angle 2}=\textup{Angle 3}\)

The angle we have are,

\(\displaystyle \\ \textup{Angle 1}=90^\circ \\ \textup{Angle 2}=45^\circ\).

Substituting these into the formula results in the solution.

\(\displaystyle 180^\circ-90^\circ-45^\circ=45^\circ\).

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