The cell cycle consists of four major phases: G1, S, G2, and M.

The G1 phase stands for gap 1 and is when organelles replicate and the cell grows.

The S phase stands for synthesis and is when DNA is replicated.

The G2 phase stands for gap 2 and is when DNA is proofread and DNA damage is repaired.

The M phase is mitosis, which is further broken down into prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, and cytokinesis. Prophase is when the chromosomes condense. Metaphase is when the chromosomes line up at the metaphase plate in the center of the cell. Anaphase is when the sister chromatids are pulled to opposite sides of the cell. Telophase is when the cell begins to split and the nuclear membrane reassembles. Cytokinesis is when the cytoplasm pinches off and two daughter cells are formed. 

G0 is a separate phase, in which the cell cycle is stopped. Cells in the G0 phase are known as quiescent cells, and do not divide.

The cell cycle consists of four major phases: G1, S, G2, and M.

The G1 phase stands for gap 1 and is when organelles replicate and the cell grows.

The S phase stands for synthesis and is when DNA is replicated.

The G2 phase stands for gap 2 and is when DNA is proofread and DNA damage is repaired.

The M phase is mitosis, which is further broken down into prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, and cytokinesis. Prophase is when the chromosomes condense. Metaphase is when the chromosomes line up at the metaphase plate in the center of the cell. Anaphase is when the sister chromatids are pulled to opposite sides of the cell. Telophase is when the cell begins to split and the nuclear membrane reassembles. Cytokinesis is when the cytoplasm pinches off and two daughter cells are formed. 

G0 is a separate phase, in which the cell cycle is stopped. Cells in the G0 phase are known as quiescent cells, and do not divide.

The cell cycle consists of four major phases: G1, S, G2, and M.

The G1 phase stands for gap 1 and is when organelles replicate and the cell grows.

The S phase stands for synthesis and is when DNA is replicated.

The G2 phase stands for gap 2 and is when DNA is proofread and DNA damage is repaired.

The M phase is mitosis, which is further broken down into prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, and cytokinesis. Prophase is when the chromosomes condense. Metaphase is when the chromosomes line up at the metaphase plate in the center of the cell. Anaphase is when the sister chromatids are pulled to opposite sides of the cell. Telophase is when the cell begins to split and the nuclear membrane reassembles. Cytokinesis is when the cytoplasm pinches off and two daughter cells are formed. 

G0 is a separate phase, in which the cell cycle is stopped. Cells in the G0 phase are known as quiescent cells, and do not divide.

The cell cycle consists of four major phases: G1, S, G2, and M.

The G1 phase stands for gap 1 and is when organelles replicate and the cell grows.

The S phase stands for synthesis and is when DNA is replicated.

The G2 phase stands for gap 2 and is when DNA is proofread and DNA damage is repaired.

The M phase is mitosis, which is further broken down into prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, and cytokinesis. Prophase is when the chromosomes condense. Metaphase is when the chromosomes line up at the metaphase plate in the center of the cell. Anaphase is when the sister chromatids are pulled to opposite sides of the cell. Telophase is when the cell begins to split and the nuclear membrane reassembles. Cytokinesis is when the cytoplasm pinches off and two daughter cells are formed. 

G0 is a separate phase, in which the cell cycle is stopped. Cells in the G0 phase are known as quiescent cells, and do not divide.

The cell cycle consists of four major phases: G1, S, G2, and M.

The M phase is mitosis, which is further broken down into prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, and cytokinesis.

Prophase is when the nuclear envelope dissolves and chromosomes condense. Metaphase is when the chromosomes line up at the metaphase plate in the center of the cell. Anaphase is when the sister chromatids are pulled to opposite sides of the cell by spindle fibers. Telophase is when the cell begins to split and the nuclear membrane reassembles. Cytokinesis is when the cytoplasm pinches off and two daughter cells are formed.

The S phase of the cell cycle is the period during which DNA is replicated.

The cell cycle consists of four major phases: G1, S, G2, and M.

The M phase is mitosis, which is further broken down into prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, and cytokinesis.

Prophase is when the nuclear envelope dissolves and chromosomes condense. Metaphase is when the chromosomes line up at the metaphase plate in the center of the cell. Anaphase is when the sister chromatids are pulled to opposite sides of the cell by spindle fibers. Telophase is when the cell begins to split and the nuclear membrane reassembles. Cytokinesis is when the cytoplasm pinches off and two daughter cells are formed.

It is important to note that the cell generates two daughter nuclei during telophase, but the cytoplasm does not divide until cytokinesis. As such, there is a short period during which the cell has two, identical, fully formed nuclei.

The S phase of the cell cycle is the period during which DNA is replicated.

The G0 phase, sometimes called the resting or quiescent phase, is a phase of the cell cycle during which the cell remains in an inactive or dormant state. The G0 phase is often seen as an extension of the first growth phase (G1), during which the cell is not undergoing division or getting ready to undergo division, or it may be seen as a phase that happens separate from the cell cycle completely. Certain types of cells, such as nerve cells, enter into the G0 phase once they are mature, even though they continue to perform their designated functions. Cells enter this inactive stage from a checkpoint present in the G1 phase. Entrance into the G0 phase typically occurs in response to a deficiency of key nutrients and growth factors. The cell will remain in the this stage until these growth factors and nutrients are sufficient enough for the cell to continue through the cell cycle. The G0 phase is not always a component of the normal cell cycle.

During the G1 phase the cell grows and also carries out normal cellular functions. In the synthesis (S) phase the DNA is replicated resulting in two copies of each of the chromosomes. Upon entering the G2 phase the cell continue to grow and assess whether the DNA has been properly replicated to prepare for the mitosis (M) phase.

Mitosis, the next stage of the cell cycle, has four sequential steps: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. In prophase, each chromosome becomes condensed and more visible, and there is the breakdown of the nuclear membrane and appearance of spindle fibers. In the next phase, metaphase, the chromosomes line up along the metaphasic plate. The spindle fibers are completely formed and are attached to each sister chromatid of the chromosomes. Next, during anaphase, the centromeres holding the sister chromatids together are divided and the sister chromatids are pulled apart by the spindle fibers to opposite poles of the diving cell. During the last phase of mitosis, telophase, the two sets of chromosomes reach the end of the opposing poles of the cell. This process is followed by the reformation of the nuclear envelope, uncoiling of the DNA, and disappearance of the spindle fibers. After the M phase is the separation of the cytoplasm known as cytokinesis, which results in two distinct daughter cells. These daughter cells enter into the G1 phase to begin the cell cycle again.

During the G1 phase the cell grows and also carries out normal cellular functions. In the synthesis (S) phase the DNA is replicated resulting in two copies of each of the chromosomes. Upon entering the G2 phase the cell continue to grow and assess whether the DNA has been properly replicated to prepare for the mitosis (M) phase.

Mitosis, the next cycle of the cell cycle, has four sequential stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. In prophase, each chromosome becomes condensed and more visible, and there is the breakdown of the nuclear membrane and appearance of spindle fibers. In the next phase, metaphase, the chromosomes line up along the metaphasic plate. The spindle fibers are completely formed and are attached to each sister chromatid of the chromosomes. Next, during anaphase, the centromeres holding the sister chromatids together are divided and the sister chromatids are pulled apart by the spindle fibers to opposite poles of the diving cell. During the last phase of mitosis, telophase, the two sets of chromosomes reach the opposite poles of the cell. This is followed by the reformation of the nuclear envelope, uncoiling of the DNA, and disappearance of the spindle fibers. After the M phase is the separation of the cytoplasm known as cytokinesis, which results in two distinct daughter cells.

There are various checkpoints throughout the cell cycle that regulate whether a cell will continue to divide. During the G1 phase there is a chemical checkpoint that determines whether a cell has the proper nutrients and growth factors to continue through the cell cycle, or whether it will enter the resting phase also known as the G0 phase. After DNA replication in the S (synthesis) phase, the cell enters the second growth phase, G2. In G2 there is the second checkpoint that will determine if the cell DNA replication was carried out successfully to further the division of the cell. If DNA replication is carried out properly the cell will enter the M (mitotic) phase of the cell cycle. Here, the cell will go through a series of phases that ultimately result in the separation of chromosomes. The success of mitosis is assessed at another checkpoint during metaphase (a sub-phase of the M phase). If everything is carried out properly, the cell will then undergo cytokinesis and result in two daughter cells. These will then enter the G1 phase to begin the cell cycle again.