This is James Baldwin, whose books include the essay collection Notes of a Native Son (1955), and the novels Giovanni’s Room (1956), Go Tell It On the Mountain (1953) (Baldwin's first novel, a semi-autobiographical work in which the above characters appear), and Just Above My Head (1979). Baldwin also wrote poetry and plays and was concerned with racial, sexual, cultural, religious, and class identities in twentieth-century America.

This is Norman Mailer, who is also a journalist, an essay writer, and a screenwriter. He had a noted feud with Truman Capote, another of the options listed in the question.

The Naked and the Dead (1948) was Mailer's first novel, published when he was just 25 years old. The Executioner's Song won the 1979 Pulitzer Prize for fiction. Mailer's last book was published in 2007, making for an impressive fifty-nine year active publishing career.

This is Truman Capote’s book. He was a pioneer in the genre of creative nonfiction, which combines the devices of literary fiction with journalistic reporting. His works of fiction include Other Voices, Other Rooms (1948) and Breakfast at Tiffany’s (1958). In addition to being an author Capote was a noted personality in the 1960s and 70s, appearing frequently on late-night talk shows.

The work described is Carson McCullers’ The Heart Is a Lonely Hunter, published in 1940 and set in a small town in 1930s Georgia.

Sylvia Plath's The Bell Jar (1961), Harper Lee's To Kill a Mockingbird (1960), Kate Chopin's The Awakening (1899), and Alice Walker's The Color Purple (1982) were all provided as alternative options.

The stunningly prolific Joyce Carol Oates has published more than forty novels since 1963. She has won countless short story awards, in addition to the PEN/Faulkner Award, the Pulitzer Prize, and the National Book Award.

These characters appear in J.D. Salinger’s 1951 novel The Catcher in the Rye.

Kurt Vonnegut's Slaughterhouse-Five (1969), Leslie Marmon Silko's Almanac of the Dead (1991), Saul Bellow's Seize the Day (1956), and John Horne Burns The Gallery (1947) were all used as alternative options.

The question refers Pearl S. Buck's 1931 novel The Good Earth. Buck's second novel, and the first book in her The House of Earth trilogy, won the Pulitzer Prize in 1932 and considered a key factor in Buck’s receiving the Nobel Prize in 1938. The novel also helped raise American political awareness of, and spur discussion of Asian race relations during the 1930s.

Although all of these authors wrote works set during World War II, the writer of Catch-22 (1961) is the Brooklyn-born Joseph Heller. The novel is the source of the common expression "catch-22", which refers to an unsolvable logic puzzle in which two contradictory solutions are offered to a problem.

The author in question is Sherman Alexie, who grew up on the Spokane Indian Reservation in Washington State. His work includes short stories, novels, poems, screenplays, and films. Reservation Blues (1995) was Alexie's first novel and The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven (1993), a collection of interconnected short fiction, featured a number of shared characters. The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian won the National Book Award for Young People's literature in 2007. Alexie is a two time National Book Award winner, and has won the PEN Hemingway, PEN Faulkner, and PEN Malamud awards.

This excerpt is taken from Irish writer Jonathan Swift’s novel Gulliver’s Travels Into Several Remote Nations of the World. An immediate hit when it was published in 1726, the work parodies a then-popular style of travel writing and satirizes humankind.

Passage adapted from Gulliver’s Travels Into Several Remote Nations of the World by Jonathan Swift (1726).