GRE Math : Equations / Inequalities

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for GRE Math

varsity tutors app store varsity tutors android store varsity tutors ibooks store

Example Questions

Example Question #1 : How To Factor An Equation

Factor 3u4 – 24uv3.

Possible Answers:

3u[u3 – (2v)3]

3u(u – 2v)(u2 + 2uv + 4v2)

3u(u – 2v)(u2 – 2uv – 4v2)

3u(u3 – 8v3)

3u(u – 2v)(u + 2v)

Correct answer:

3u(u – 2v)(u2 + 2uv + 4v2)

Explanation:

First pull out 3u from both terms.

3u4 – 24uv= 3u(u3 – 8v3) = 3u[u3 – (2v)3]

This is a difference of cubes. You will see this type of factoring if you get to the challenging questions on the GRE. They can be a pain to remember but pat yourself on the back for getting to such hard questions! The difference of cubes formula to remember is a3 – b3 = (a – b)(a2 + ab + b2). In our problem, a = u and b = 2v, so 

3u4 – 24uv= 3u(u3 – 8v3) = 3u[u3 – (2v)3]

                = 3u(u – 2v)(u2 + 2uv + 4v2)

Example Question #1 : Factoring Equations

Simplify .

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

To begin, let's factor the first two terms and the second two terms separately.  

z3 – z2 – 9z + 9 = (z3 – z2) + (–9z + 9) = z2(z – 1) – 9(z – 1)

(z – 1) can be pulled out because it appears in both terms. 

z3 – z2 – 9z + 9 = (z3 – z2) + (–9z + 9) = z2(z – 1) –  9(z – 1) = (z – 1)(z2 – 9)

(z2 – 9) is a difference of squares, so we can use the formula a2 – b2 = (a – b)(a + b).

z3 – z2 – 9z + 9 = (z3 – z2) + (–9z + 9) = z2(z – 1) – 9(z – 1)

                     = (z – 1)(z2 – 9)

                     = (z – 1)(z – 3)(z + 3)

Example Question #161 : Equations / Inequalities

Factor .

Possible Answers:

None of the other answers are correct.

Correct answer:

Explanation:

We know the equation a2 – b2 = (a + b)(a – b) for the difference of squares. Since y2 is the square of y, and 4 is the square of 2, the correct answer is  (y + 2)(y – 2).

Example Question #2 : How To Factor An Equation

Solve for .


Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

Factor the equation by finding two numbers that add to -3 and multiply to -28.

Factors of 28: 1,2,4,7,14,28

-7 and 4 work.

(x-7)(x+4) = 0

Set each equal to zero:

x=7,-4

Example Question #1 : How To Find The Solution To An Inequality With Division

For how many positive integers, , is it true that 

Possible Answers:

More than

None

Correct answer:

Explanation:

Since  is positive, we can divide both sides of the inequality by :

 or .

Example Question #162 : Equations / Inequalities

Solve for .

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

For the second equation, solve for  in terms of .

Plug this value of y into the first equation.

Example Question #163 : Equations / Inequalities

Solve for the -intercept:

3y+11\geq 5y+6x-1

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

Don't forget to switch the inequality direction if you multiply or divide by a negative.

3y+11\geq 5y+6x-1

-2y+11\geq6x-1

-2y\geq6x-12

-\frac{1}{2}(-2y\geq 6x-12)

y\leq -3x+6

Now that we have the equation in slope-intercept form, we can see that the y-intercept is 6.

Example Question #3 : How To Find The Solution To An Inequality With Division

Solve for :

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

Begin by adding  to both sides, this will get the variable isolated:

Or...

Next, divide both sides by :

Notice that when you divide by a negative number, you need to flip the inequality sign!

Example Question #6 : How To Find The Solution To An Inequality With Division

Each of the following is equivalent to  

xy/z * (5(x + y))  EXCEPT:

 

Possible Answers:

xy(5x + 5y)/z

xy(5y + 5x)/z

5x² + y²/z

5x²y + 5xy²/z

Correct answer:

5x² + y²/z

Explanation:

Choice a is equivalent because we can say that technically we are multiplying two fractions together: (xy)/z and (5(x + y))/1.  We multiply the numerators together and the denominators together and end up with xy (5x + 5y)/z.  xy (5y + 5x)/z is also equivalent because it is only simplifying what is inside the parentheses and switching the order- the commutative property tells us this is still the same expression.  5x²y + 5xy²/z is equivalent as it is just a simplified version when the numerators are multiplied out.  Choice 5x² + y²/z is not equivalent because it does not account for all the variables that were in the given expression and it does not use FOIL correctly.

Example Question #164 : Equations / Inequalities

Let S be the set of numbers that contains all of values of x such that 2x + 4 < 8. Let T contain all of the values of x such that -2x +3 < 8. What is the sum of all of the integer values that belong to the intersection of S and T?

Possible Answers:

-2

2

0

-7

-3

Correct answer:

-2

Explanation:

First, we need to find all of the values that are in the set S, and then we need to find the values in T. Once we do this, we must find the numbers in the intersection of S and T, which means we must find the values contained in BOTH sets S and T.

S contains all of the values of x such that 2x + 4 < 8. We need to solve this inequality.

2x + 4 < 8

Subtract 4 from both sides.

2x < 4

Divide by 2.

x < 2

Thus, S contains all of the values of x that are less than (but not equal to) 2. 

Now, we need to do the same thing to find the values contained in T.

-2x + 3 < 8

Subtract 3 from both sides.

-2x < 5

Divide both sides by -2. Remember, when multiplying or dividing an inequality by a negative number, we must switch the sign.

x > -5/2

Therefore, T contains all of the values of x that are greater than -5/2, or -2.5.

Next, we must find the values that are contained in both S and T. In order to be in both sets, these numbers must be less than 2, but also greater than -2.5. Thus, the intersection of S and T consists of all numbers between -2.5 and 2.

The question asks us to find the sum of the integers in the intersection of S and T. This means we must find all of the integers between -2.5 and 2.

The integers between -2.5 and 2 are the following: -2, -1, 0, and 1. We cannot include 2, because the values in S are LESS than but not equal to 2. 

Lastly, we add up the values -2, -1, 0, and 1. The sum of these is -2.

The answer is -2. 

Tired of practice problems?

Try live online GRE prep today.

1-on-1 Tutoring
Live Online Class
1-on-1 + Class
Learning Tools by Varsity Tutors