GMAT Math : Graphing

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for GMAT Math

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Example Questions

Example Question #1 : Graphing A Quadratic Function

What are the possible values of  if the parabola of the quadratic function   is concave upward and does not intersect the -axis?

Possible Answers:

The parabola cannot exist for any value of .

Correct answer:

The parabola cannot exist for any value of .

Explanation:

If the graph of  is concave upward, then 

If the graph does not intersect the -axis, then  has no real solution, and the discriminant  is negative:

 

For the parabola to have both characteristics, it must be true that  and , but these two events are mutually exclusive. Therefore, the parabola cannot exist.

Example Question #2 : Graphing A Quadratic Function

Which of the following equations has as its graph a vertical parabola with line of symmetry  ?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

The graph of  has as its line of symmetry the vertical line of the equation

Since  in each choice, we want to find  such that 

so the correct choice is .

Example Question #3 : Graphing A Quadratic Function

Which of the following equations has as its graph a concave-right horizontal parabola?

Possible Answers:

None of the other responses gives a correct answer.

Correct answer:

Explanation:

A horizontal parabola has as its equation, in standard form,

,

with  real,  nonzero.

Its orientation depends on the sign of . In the equation of a concave-right parabola,  is positive, so the correct choice is .

Example Question #52 : Graphing

The graphs of the functions  and  have the same line of symmetry.

If we define , which of the following is a possible definition of  ?

Possible Answers:

None of the other responses gives a correct answer.

Correct answer:

Explanation:

The graph of a function of the form  - a quadratic function - is a vertical parabola with line of symmetry 

The graph of the function  therefore has line of symmetry 

, or 

We examine all four definitions of  to find one with this line of symmetry.

 

:

, or 

 

:

, or 

 

, or 

 

, or 

 

Since the graph of the function  has the same line of symmetry as that of the function , that is the correct choice.

Example Question #5 : Graphing A Quadratic Function

Give the -coordinate of a point at which the graphs of the equations 

and 

intersect.

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

We can set the two quadratic expressions equal to each other and solve for .

 and , so

The -coordinates of the points of intersection are 2 and 6. To find the -coordinates, substitute in either equation:

One point of intersection is .

The other point of intersection is .

 

1 is not among the choices, but 41 is, so this is the correct response.

Example Question #6 : Graphing A Quadratic Function

Give the set of intercepts of the graph of the function .

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

The -intercepts, if any exist, can be found by setting :

The only -intercept is .

 

The -intercept can be found by substituting 0 for :

The -intercept is .

 

The correct set of intercepts is .

Example Question #7 : Graphing A Quadratic Function

Give the -coordinate of a point of intersection of the graphs of the functions

and 

.

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

The system of equations can be rewritten as

.

We can set the two expressions in  equal to each other and solve:

We can substitute back into the equation , and see that either  or . The latter value is the correct choice.

Example Question #8 : Graphing A Quadratic Function

 has as its graph a vertical parabola on the coordinate plane. You are given that  and , but you are not given .

Which of the following can you determine without knowing the value of  ?

I) Whether the graph is concave upward or concave downward

II) The location of the vertex

III) The location of the -intercept

IV) The locations of the -intercepts, if there are any

V) The equation of the line of symmetry

Possible Answers:

I and V only

I and III only

III and IV only

I, II, and V only

I, III, and IV only

Correct answer:

I and III only

Explanation:

I) The orientation of the parabola is determined solely by the sign of . Since , the parabola can be determined to be concave downward.

II and V) The -coordinate of the vertex is ; since you are not given , you cannot find this. Also, since the line of symmetry has equation , for the same reason, you cannot find this either.

III) The -intercept is the point at which ; by substitution, it can be found to be at  known to be equal to 9, so the -intercept can be determined to be .

IV) The -intercept(s), if any, are the point(s) at which . This is solvable using the quadratic formula

Since all three of  and  must be known for this to be evaluated, and only  is known, the -intercept(s) cannot be identified.

The correct response is I and III only.

Example Question #161 : Coordinate Geometry

Which of the following equations can be graphed with a vertical parabola with exactly one -intercept?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

The graph of  has exactly one -intercept if and only if 

 

has exactly one solution - or equivalently, if and only if

Since in all three equations, , we find the value of  that makes this statement true by substituting and solving:

The correct choice is .

Example Question #162 : Coordinate Geometry

Give the vertex of the graph of the function 

.

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

This can be answered rewriting this expression in the form 

.

Once this is done, we can identify the vertex as the point .

 

The vertex is 

 

 

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