In the problem, platinum fleece is stated to be a mix of white fleece and golden fleece. This is an example of incomplete dominance. Codominance in such a case would yield patches or some form of separation between white fleece and golden fleece patches on the offspring, where the traits can fully be expressed in patches or parts of the organism. Mixed dominance is not a real genetic term.

In order to find the answer, it is necessary to do a dihybrid cross as shown:

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Gametes contain half the information as other cells. Gametes will receive one allele for each trait. From this particular rabbit with genotype BbEe, each gamete will contain one allele for fur color (either B or b) and one allele for ear length (E or e). Hence, the possible gametes for this rabbit with genotype BbEe are BE, Be, bE, and be.

The type of dominance expressed in this offspring with patches of green and patches of black on its petals is codominance. Codominance is when the traits (in this case, petal color) is expressed fully in patches (or other kinds of separations), but that both traits can be seen in the offspring, and that the trait is not an intermediate of the two combined traits. If intermediate trait did result (greenish black or blackish green all over the offspring), then this would be incomplete dominance. Intermediate dominance and mixed dominance are not real genetic terms.

For each trait, there must be two alleles (one from mother and one from father). In this genotype, two traits are being asked for, so there should be a total of two genes with two alleles each in the genotype. Because the pig expresses the dominant traits of blue fur and curly tail, this indicates that the pig at least has to have one of each dominant allele in its genotype: B_C_. This leaves us with two blanks that we can fill in with either dominant or recessive alleles. Regardless, the dominant traits will still be expressed, because there is at least one dominant allele for blue fur and one dominant allele for curly tail. With this, we have four possibilities that will all yield the phenotype of blue fur and curly tail: BBCC, BbCC, BBCc, Bbcc.

It can be seen that short fingernails is dominant by the genotypes of Ff and FF, both of which contains at least one dominant allele of short fingernails (F). It can be seen that long fingernails is recessive to short fingernails by the genotype of a person with long fingernails carrying two recessive alleles of short fingernails (ff). If in this case, fingernail length was co-dominant, some fingers would probably have long nails and some fingers short nails if genotype Ff. If incomplete dominance, genotype of Ff would be a middle ground length between long and short. Mixed dominance is not a real genetics terms.

Incomplete dominance is where two traits intermix together, usually to create some kind of in-between trait. With blonde hair and black hair, the offspring will likely have a hair color that will be between the two extremes — likely brownish hair. There will be patches or strands of pure blonde and pure black hair in the offspring if hair trait was co-dominant, but it states in the problem that hair color trait has incomplete dominance. It may also be possible that the child will have only blonde hair or only black hair, but this is less likely and also will not be demonstrating the concept of incomplete dominance, as the question is asking for. Any of the other answers are equally likely to occur since the two parents have very different hair colors.

It can be seen that the phenotypic ratio of the offspring will be purple : pink of 2 : 2. This can be seen by doing a Punnett square and keeping in mind that fur color in this problem has incomplete dominance.

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It is possible for the parents to have genotypes that contain recessive alleles that will yield an offspring with the recessive traits. This can be seen by doing a dihybrid cross of the two parents both with genotypes of TtRr (which would express sharp teeth and red leaves; additional note: both parents HAVE to have this genotype in order to have an offspring with the recessive traits of blunt teeth and purple leaves — please refer to the Punnett square to see why).

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Restriction enzymes are named from the organism they were taken from. They function to cut DNA in bacteria, a crucial step in the process of sequencing DNA, as you need it to be broken down into smaller segments.