GED Math : Proportions and Percentages

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for GED Math

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Example Questions

Example Question #435 : Numbers And Operations

What is \(\displaystyle 136\%\) of \(\displaystyle 16\)?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 21.76\)

\(\displaystyle 19.36\)

\(\displaystyle 26.66\)

\(\displaystyle 27.08\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 21.76\)

Explanation:

Start by converting \(\displaystyle 136\%\) to a decimal. To do this, move the decimal point to the left to spaces.

\(\displaystyle 136\%=1.36\)

Now multiply by \(\displaystyle 16\).

\(\displaystyle 1.36\times 16=21.76\)

Example Question #436 : Numbers And Operations

Solve the proportion:  \(\displaystyle \frac{5}{2x} = \frac{8}{9}\)

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle \textup{No solution.}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{6}{7}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{45}{16}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{7}{6}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{9}{2}\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle \frac{45}{16}\)

Explanation:

Cross multiply the two fractions.

\(\displaystyle 5(9) = 8(2x)\)

\(\displaystyle 45 = 16x\)

Divide by 16 on both sides.

\(\displaystyle \frac{45}{16} = \frac{16x}{16}\)

The answer is:  \(\displaystyle \frac{45}{16}\)

Example Question #437 : Numbers And Operations

Solve the proportion:  \(\displaystyle \frac{7}{2x} = \frac{8}{3}\)

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle \frac{21}{10}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{21}{16}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{5}{8}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{28}{3}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{8}{5}\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle \frac{21}{16}\)

Explanation:

Cross multiply the two terms.

\(\displaystyle 7(3) = 8(2x)\)

Simplify the terms.

\(\displaystyle 21 = 16x\)

Divide by 16 on both sides.

\(\displaystyle \frac{21}{16} = \frac{16x}{16}\)

The answer is:  \(\displaystyle \frac{21}{16}\)

Example Question #431 : Numbers And Operations

Solve the proportion:  \(\displaystyle \frac{7}{x} = \frac{4}{9}\)

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 6\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{63}{4}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{28}{9}\)

\(\displaystyle 16\)

\(\displaystyle 4\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle \frac{63}{4}\)

Explanation:

Cross multiply both fractions.

\(\displaystyle 7(9) = 4x\)

Divide by four on both sides.

\(\displaystyle \frac{7(9)}{4} = \frac{4x}{4}\)

The answer is:  \(\displaystyle \frac{63}{4}\)

Example Question #432 : Numbers And Operations

Solve the proportion:  \(\displaystyle \frac{8}{3x+1} = \frac{5}{x}\)

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle -\frac{10}{7}\)

\(\displaystyle -\frac{5}{7}\)

\(\displaystyle -\frac{1}{7}\)

\(\displaystyle -\frac{10}{23}\)

\(\displaystyle -\frac{1}{5}\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle -\frac{5}{7}\)

Explanation:

Cross multiply the two fractions.

\(\displaystyle 8x = 5(3x+1)\)

Simplify the right side.

\(\displaystyle 8x =15x+5\)

Subtract \(\displaystyle 15x\) on both sides.

\(\displaystyle 8x-15x =15x+5-15x\)

\(\displaystyle -7x = 5\)

Divide by negative seven on both sides.

\(\displaystyle \frac{-7x }{-7}= \frac{5}{-7}\)

The answer is:  \(\displaystyle -\frac{5}{7}\)

Example Question #102 : Complex Operations

To make a certain shade of green, the blue paint and the yellow paint must be mixed in a ratio of \(\displaystyle 3:5\). If a painter uses \(\displaystyle 17\) gallons of yellow paint, how many gallons of blue paint must be used to create this shade of green?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 8.8\)

\(\displaystyle 10.2\)

\(\displaystyle 12.6\)

\(\displaystyle 13.4\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 10.2\)

Explanation:

Let \(\displaystyle x\) be the gallons of blue paint needed. We can setup the following equation using the given ratio.

\(\displaystyle \frac{3}{5}=\frac{x}{17}\)

Cross-multiply and solve for \(\displaystyle x\).

\(\displaystyle 5x=51\)

\(\displaystyle x=10.2\)

The painter must use \(\displaystyle 10.2\) gallons of blue paint.

Example Question #111 : Complex Operations

At a zoo, the ratio of birds to mammals to reptiles is 2 to 5 to 6. If there are a total of 195 birds, mammals, and reptiles, how many reptiles does the zoo have?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 12\)

The number of reptiles cannot be determined from the information given.

\(\displaystyle 30\)

\(\displaystyle 90\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 90\)

Explanation:

To maintain the correct ratio of birds to mammals to reptiles, let \(\displaystyle 2x\) be the number of birds, \(\displaystyle 5x\) be the number of mammals, and \(\displaystyle 6x\) be the number of reptiles.

We can then write the following equation:

\(\displaystyle 2x+5x+6x=195\)

Solve for \(\displaystyle x\).

\(\displaystyle 13x=195\)

\(\displaystyle x=15\)

Since the question asks for the number of reptiles, we will need to find the value of \(\displaystyle 6x\).

\(\displaystyle 6x=6(15)=90\)

The zoo has \(\displaystyle 90\) reptiles.

Example Question #441 : Ged Math

If \(\displaystyle 2\) workers can paint \(\displaystyle 100\) square feet of wall in \(\displaystyle 3\) hours, how many hours would it take \(\displaystyle 6\) painters to paint \(\displaystyle 200\) square feet of wall if they work at the same pace?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 2.5\)

\(\displaystyle 1.25\)

\(\displaystyle 1.5\)

\(\displaystyle 2\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 2\)

Explanation:

If \(\displaystyle 2\) workers can paint \(\displaystyle 100\) square feet of wall in \(\displaystyle 3\) hours, that means each painter must paint \(\displaystyle 50\) square feet of wall in \(\displaystyle 3\) hours. Thus, each painter must paint \(\displaystyle \frac{50}{3}\) square feet of wall in each hour.

 

Now, if each painter can paint \(\displaystyle \frac{50}{3}\) square feet in one hour, then \(\displaystyle 6\) painters can paint \(\displaystyle 100\) square feet of wall in one hour. As the six painters can paint \(\displaystyle 100\) square feet in one hour, then it will only take them \(\displaystyle 2\) hours to paint \(\displaystyle 200\) square feet.

Example Question #442 : Ged Math

Sarah earns \(\displaystyle \$780\) per week and a \(\displaystyle 7\%\) commission on all her sales. If Sarah sells \(\displaystyle \$6325.11\) worth of products in one week, what is her total paycheck for the week?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle \$6379.11\)

\(\displaystyle \$934.09\)

\(\displaystyle \$1222.76\)

\(\displaystyle \$851.22\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle \$1222.76\)

Explanation:

Start by finding the commission that Sarah earned.

Convert the percentage into a decimal:

\(\displaystyle 7\%=0.07\)

Next, multiply this by the amount of products that Sarah was able to sell to find her commission.

\(\displaystyle 6325.11(0.07)=442.76\)

Make sure that you rounded to the nearest cent.

Now, add the commission to the base pay to find her total paycheck.

\(\displaystyle 780+442.76=1222.76\)

Example Question #443 : Ged Math

Emily is paid a weekly salary of \(\displaystyle \$550\). She is also given a \(\displaystyle 8\%\) commission on all the goods she sells during the week. If she earned \(\displaystyle \$649.84\) in one week, what was the value of the goods she sold?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle \$1122\)

\(\displaystyle \$1248\)

\(\displaystyle \$946\)

\(\displaystyle \$988\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle \$1248\)

Explanation:

In order to find what the value of the goods she sold was, we need to first figure out the amount she earned from her commission. Do this by subtracting out the weekly base pay from her total pay.

\(\displaystyle \text{Pay from Commission}=649.84-550=99.84\)

Now, we know that \(\displaystyle 99.84\) must be the amount from the commission. Since Emily earns \(\displaystyle 8\%\) of her total sales as commission, this amount must also represent \(\displaystyle 8\%\) of the value of the goods she sold.

We can then set up the following equation. Let \(\displaystyle x\) be the value of goods Emily sold.

\(\displaystyle 0.08x=99.84\)

\(\displaystyle x=1248\)

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