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College Chemistry : pH

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Example Questions

Example Question #11 : Acid Base Reactions

Determine the pH of a solution that is $0.40M \text{HCl}$ .

Possible Answers:

0.22

0.40

0.39

1.42

Correct answer:

0.40

Explanation:

Since $\text{HCl}$ is a strong acid, the concentration of H_3O^+ is equal to the concentration of the acid itself.

Thus, [H_3O^+]=0.40M .

Recall how to find the pH of a solution:

$\text{pH}=-\log([H_3O^+])$

Plug in the given hydronium ion concentration to find the pH of the given solution.

$\text{pH}=-\log(0.40)=0.40$

Remember to maintain the correct number of significant figures.

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Example Question #1 : P H

Find the pH for a solution that is $0.520\%$ HBr by mass. Assume a density of $1.01\frac{g}{mL}$ for the solution.

Possible Answers:

3.007

2.001

1.233

1.188

Correct answer:

1.188

Explanation:

Start by assuming that there is liter of the solution. From this, we can use the given density to find the mass of the solution.

$\text{Mass of solution}=1000\text{mL of Solution} \cdot \frac{1.01g}{mL}=1010\text{g of solution}$

Next, find the mass of $\text{HBr}$ that is present in the solution.

$\text{Mass of HBr}=0.00520(1010g)=5.252\text{g of HBr}$

Now, find the number of moles of $\text{HBr}$ that is present in the solution.

$5.252\text{g HBr}\frac{1\text{mol HBr}}{80.91\text{g HBr}}=0.06491\text{moles of HBr}$

Since we initially assumed that we had liter of the solution, we now also know the concentration of $\text{HBr}$ in this solution.

$[\text{HBr}]=0.06491M$

Since $\text{HBr}$ is a strong acid, the concentration of hydronium ions in the solution will be the same as the concentration of $\text{HBr}$ .

$[\text{HBr}]=[H_3O^+]=0.06491M$

Recall how to find the pH of a solution.

$\text{pH}=-\log([H_3O^+])$

$\text{pH}=-\log(0.06491)=1.188$

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Example Question #1 : P H

Find the pH of a solution that is $5.06\% \text{HI}$ by mass. Assume a density of $1.01\frac{g}{mL}$ for the solution.

Possible Answers:

0.398

0.451

0.211

0.336

Correct answer:

0.398

Explanation:

Start by assuming that there is liter of the solution. From this, we can use the given density to find the mass of the solution.

$\text{Mass of solution}=1000\text{mL of Solution} \cdot \frac{1.01g}{mL}=1010\text{g of solution}$

Next, find the mass of $\text{HI}$ that is present in the solution.

$\text{Mass of HI}=0.0506(1010g)=51.106\text{g of HI}$

Now, find the number of moles of $\text{HI}$ that is present in the solution.

$51.106\text{g HI}\frac{1\text{mol HI}}{127.91\text{g HI}}=0.3995\text{ moles of HI}$

Since we initially assumed that we had liter of the solution, we now also know the concentration of $\text{HI}$ in this solution.

$[\text{HI}]=0.3995M$

Since $\text{HI}$ is a strong acid, the concentration of hydronium ions in the solution will be the same as the concentration of $\text{HI}$ .

$[\text{HI}]=[H_3O^+]=0.3995M$

Recall how to find the pH of a solution.

$\text{pH}=-\log([H_3O^+])$

$\text{pH}=-\log(0.3995)=0.398$

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Example Question #151 : College Chemistry

Which of the following techniques will decrease the pH of a solution?

Possible Answers:

Decreasing the concentration of protons

Increasing the concentration of protons

Adding more acid at the same Molarity of the solution

Increasing the amount of solvent

Increasing the amount of Hydroxide molecules

Correct answer:

Increasing the concentration of protons

Explanation:

Increasing the concentration of protons of a solution will make the solution more acidic; therefore, it lowers the solution’s pH. Decreasing the concentration of protons will make the solution more basic, raising the pH. Adding more acid of the same molarity of the original solution will not increase the concentration of protons and will not increase acidity or lower the pH. Increasing the amount of hydroxide ions will make the solution more basic and raise the pH. Increasing the amount of solvent will lower the concentration, affecting molarity and not lowering the pH.

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College Chemistry : pH

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for College Chemistry

All College Chemistry Resources

Example Questions

Example Question #11 : Acid Base Reactions

Example Question #1 : P H

Example Question #1 : P H

Example Question #151 : College Chemistry

All College Chemistry Resources

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