CCRN : Identifying, Monitoring, Providing Care, and Administering Medication to Treat Gastrointestinal, Integumentary, Excretory, Reproductive, and Hematological Diseases
Study concepts, example questions & explanations for CCRN
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Example Questions
Example Question #6 : Ccrn
Sepsis is defined as a systemic response to an infection that includes the presence of two or more of a number of clinical conditions. Which of the following is NOT a clinical condition for sepsis?
respiratory rate over 20 breaths per minute
temperature less than 36°C
heart rate over 90 beats per minute
white blood cell (WBC) count greater than 6,000 cells/mm3
white blood cell (WBC) count greater than 6,000 cells/mm3
Sepsis is defined as a systemic response to an infection that includes the presence of two or more of the following conditions: a temperature greater that 38°C or a temperature less than 36°C; a heart rate greater than 90 beats per minute; a respiratory rate greater than 20 breaths per minute; a WBC greater than 12,000 cells/mm3; or a PaCO2 less than 32 mmHG. If sepsis occurs along with hypoperfusion and organ dysfunction, it becomes classified as severe sepsis. If sepsis occurs with hypotension and insufficient tissue perfusion that does not respond to fluid resuscitation, it becomes classified as septic shock.
Example Question #7 : Ccrn
A patient with renal dysfunction presents with hypernatremia. This is most likely the result of:
an inability of the posterior pituitary to secrete ADH
an inability of the kidneys to secrete renin
an inability of the adrenal cortex to secrete aldosterone
an inability of the renal tubules to respond to ADH secretion
an inability of the renal tubules to respond to ADH secretion
Hypernatremia is an electrolyte imbalance characterized via elevated sodium levels in the blood. This condition results in water retention and the development of excess extracellular fluid volume. In patient's with normal renal function, the condition is typically caused by a lack of ADH secretion via the posterior pituitary. In patients with renal dysfunction, the condition is typically the result of an inability of the renal tubules to respond to ADH secretion. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system functions to increase sodium reabsorption via the renal tubules, and thus insufficient secretion of either renin or aldosterone would work to produce the opposite effect of hypernatremia.
Example Question #8 : Ccrn
A patient who has been exposed to tularemia is likely to be treated with:
antibiotics
anthelmintics
antitoxin
antivirals
antibiotics
Tularemia is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Francisella tularensis. The bacteria is generally found in rodents and rabbits, and the most common vectors are ticks and deer flies. A patient who has been exposed to tularemia is likely to be treated with antibiotics (streptomycin, gentamycin, tetracyclines, or fluoroquinolones).
Example Question #9 : Ccrn
Which of the following is NOT an accessory organ of the GI tract that assists with digestion?
liver
pancreas
spleen
gallbladder
spleen
The major organs that make up the GI tract are: the mouth, the esophagus, the stomach, the small intestine, the large intestine, the rectum, and the anus. The accessory organs of digestion include the liver, the gallbladder, and the pancreas. The spleen plays a major role in filtering blood, working to remove old red blood cells.
Example Question #10 : Ccrn
A patient in the ICU presents with acute pancreatitis. An examination reveals that the patient almost never consumes alcohol. The most common cause of acute pancreatitis in the nonalcoholic patient is:
cystic fibrosis
steroids
biliary disease
codeine reaction
biliary disease
Pancreatitis is an inflammatory disease in which pancreatic enzymes, which normally function to digest food in the small intestines, become activated in the pancreas and initiate autodigestion. The most common causes of acute pancreatitis are alcoholism and biliary disease (gallstones). Other less common causes of acute pancreatitis include: codeine reaction, cystic fibrosis, and use of steroid medications.
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