AP World History : War and Civil Conflict 1450 to 1750

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for AP World History

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Example Questions

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Example Question #661 : Political History

Which of these statements best describes the Mughal Empire?

Possible Answers:

A Hindu empire established in India that ruled over an ethnically diverse population

A Hindu empire established in Turkey that ruled over an Islamic majority population

A Hindu empire established in modern-day Pakistan that ruled over an Islamic majority population

An Islamic empire established in India that ruled over a Hindu majority population

An Islamic empire established in Turkey that ruled over an ethnically diverse population

Correct answer:

An Islamic empire established in India that ruled over a Hindu majority population

Explanation:

The Mughal Empire was established in the Indian subcontinent in the sixteenth century and ruled, with a few interruptions, until the arrival of the British East India Company in the eighteenth century. The Mughal Empire was an Islamic empire that was established in a territory with a majority Hindu population.

Example Question #31 : War And Civil Conflict 1450 To 1750

The Thirty Years decimated which modern day county's civilian population?

Possible Answers:

Ottoman Empire

Germany

Sweden

Hungary

France

Correct answer:

Germany

Explanation:

The civilian casualties among German states population range from 25 to 40 percent as a result of the 1618-1648 military conflict. Catholic and Protestant tension escalated this region skirmish into a full blow world war involving all major powers in Europe. In the end there were no real winners of the war, but the losers were truly the civilians of the German states.

Example Question #32 : War And Civil Conflict 1450 To 1750

The Mamluk Sultanate was conquered by __________.

Possible Answers:

the Abbasid Caliphate

the Mongol Empire

the Ottoman Empire

the Umayyad Caliphate

the Seljuk Turks

Correct answer:

the Ottoman Empire

Explanation:

The Mamluk Sultanate was an independent state in Egypt and the Levant from the mid-thirteenth century until the early-sixteenth century. It was conquered by the growing Ottoman Empire in 1517.

Example Question #33 : War And Civil Conflict 1450 To 1750

The Kingdom of Kongo, for several decades in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, was the sight of conflict between which two European powers?

Possible Answers:

France and Spain

Portugal and the Netherlands

England and the Netherlands

France and England

Spain and Portugal

Correct answer:

Portugal and the Netherlands

Explanation:

The Kingdom of Kongo, in Central Africa, served as a battleground between the Portuguese and the Dutch in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. The Kongolese also engaged in military conflicts with the Portuguese themselves on numerous occasions, including the notable Kongo-Portuguese War of the 1620s.

Example Question #34 : War And Civil Conflict 1450 To 1750

Which of the following helps explain the transition away from rulers using private, mercenary armies to national, civilian controlled armies in Europe? 

Possible Answers:

None of these answers

Expansion of rural industry reduced the supply of mercenaries

The loyalty of mercenaries was unreliable if pay was unreliable

All of these answers

Mercenary armies posed greater threats to rulers for political power

Correct answer:

All of these answers

Explanation:

The correct answer is "all of these answers". Mercenary armies were based upon strictly contractual relationships and therefore rebellions, foot-dragging, and looting of the domestic population was common when pay was slow or too low. The expansion of rural industries also reduced the supply of available labor for mercenary armies and made them relatively more difficult to maintain. 

Example Question #32 : War And Civil Conflict 1450 To 1750

What war culminated in the Peace of Westphalia?

Possible Answers:

World War I

World War II

The Thirty Years' War

The Hundred Years' War

The Spanish-American War

Correct answer:

The Thirty Years' War

Explanation:

The Thirty Years' War culminated in the signing of the Peace of Westphalia, which is the foundational element of the modern system of sovereign states and boundaries between nations. 

Example Question #672 : Political History

Select the group responsible for the violent overthrow of the Byzantine Empire.

Possible Answers:

The Visigoths 

The Roman Empire 

The Mughal Empire 

The Persian Empire 

The Ottoman Empire 

Correct answer:

The Ottoman Empire 

Explanation:

On May 29th, 1453, after a brutally prolonged siege, the forces of the Ottoman Empire succeeded in capturing the city of Constantinople, the glittering capital of the Byzantine Empire. In truth, Byzantium had been undergoing a gradual decline for decades, with this weakness mostly manifesting itself through the unresolved loss of fringe territories, cumulative economic bankruptcies, and tumultuous civil wars. In the meantime, the burgeoning Ottoman Empire had been growing ever more powerful and desirous of expansion – and the prosperous and historic city of Constantinople seemed the ideal acquisition.

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