99% of the world's undernourished people can be found in developing countries.

A milkshed refers to an area surrounding the milk source (dairy farm) where milk is supplied without spoiling. Depending on transportation methods, the milkshed will vary in size.

Modern industrial farming relies heavily on inputs of fossil fuels in the form of pesticides and herbicides. Furthermore, industrial farming is largely based on monocultures, which represent the simplification of complex ecosystems. The only option not directly associated with industrial farming is ocean acidification. Although ocean acidification occurs due to increased carbon dioxide concentration, this is not as direct of an impact as the other options. 

Monoculture refers to the practice of growing one crop over a large area. This leads to environmental issues, increased reliance on pesticides and herbicides, and an overall decrease in genetic diversity. 

One benefit to monocultures however, is the fact that they can generally be harvested by machines. This tends to decrease the effort required to harvest them. This means that the only option that is NOT a weakness is, "Increased effort required for harvest."

Most of the nutrients that plants depend on to grow are found in very thin quantities in soil right by the surface. This fertile soil is called “topsoil,” and it is here where almost all crops are grown. To this author’s knowledge none of the other answer choices are real terms.

Bolivia is one of the poorest and least developed countries in South America. In the 1980s, it owed hundreds of millions of dollars to international and multinational banking organizations. In an unprecedented move the debt was forgiven in exchange for Bolivia’s guarantee that it would preserve more than a million square miles of its rainforest. This type of agreement made with Bolivia is called a “Debt-for-nature swap.”

Slash and burn is an agricultural technique used today in tropical forest regions with small populations and shifting cultivation agriculture. It uses little technology, and has been practiced since the Neolithic Revolution. Though the technique is not sustainable in large populations, because without the trees, the soil quality becomes too poor to support crops, the method is suitable for small farming communities. 

Deforestation refers to the clearing of forest or jungle to make room for agricultural or mining industries. It is a significant problem around the world, but is most pronounced in South America. The Amazon Rainforest in South America is being cleared at a rapid rate to make room for ranches, plantations, and mining industries. This presents a serious ecological problem for the entire continent.

The Department of Agriculture was created in 1862 by President Abraham Lincoln. At the time the vast majority of Americans were engaged in farming as their primary occupation and so Lincoln called the newly created department “The People’s Department.”

“Degraded agricultural land” is land that was once fertile and used for growing crops, but has been made infertile by human intervention and mismanagement. It is most common in densely populated areas where large scale farming has been common for a long period of time. For this reason, North America, which is not very densely populated and has only been consistently farmed since the arrival of Europeans, has the lowest percentage of degraded agricultural land.