The Thermidorian Reaction refers to the counter-revolt in 1794 that unseated Robespierre and signalled the end of the Reign of Terror.

The Committee of Public Safety was the government in control of France in the wake of the Revolution. They felt the only way to keep France safe was to kill anyone that held political views that were in opposition to the Revolution. As such many Royalists, former nobility, and those holding more conservative political stances were condemned to death.

In 1789 the French Revolutionary Government passed the Declaration of the rights of man to outline the universal rights all men shared, that should be protected by the government. The Bill of Rights refers to the first 10 amendments to the US constitution. Petition of Right is an English constitutional document. Sans-Coulettes was the term for common people in pre-revolutionary France, not the name of a rights document at all.

Bastille Day celebrates the anniversary of the storming of the Bastille fortress, July 14th, 1789; which was the beginning of the French Revolution.

After the end of the Tudor line, the King of Scotland, James VI of Scotland, was invited by Parliament to take the throne of England and untie the two nations under one Stuart monarchy.

Although the Levellers did want to expand the electorate, they were only one part of the Parliamentarians, who were only one side of the fight during the Civil War. All of the other answers describe tensions that led to the war--increased taxation, fears over Catholicism, and the inability of Parliament and King Charles I to work together.

Poland became the first nation to adopt a Constitution in 1791 when it attempted late reforms meant to pull the nation together and to defend against increased aggression by Poland's neighbors. It ultimately proved to serve the opposite as a new Polish government under this constitution would have been more powerful, and thus prompted Poland's neighbors (Prussia, Russia, and Austria) to invade and take over before this could happen.

Henry wished to get a divorce with his then wife, Catherine, so that he could marry Anne Boleyn. Mostly because Catherine could not produce a male heir for him. 

The American Revolution was a key drain on France's funds, which caused the Monarchy to (ill-advisedly) decide on extreme taxation on the poor as a method to pay their debts.

After Pugachev's Rebellion Catherine I took a strong stance against any revolutionary tendencies, domestic and abroad. She would subsequently take a negative view of both the American and French Revolutions. The other answers are incorrect for the following reasons: There had been several major uprisings against Russian Tsars before Pugachev, and his rebellion was not the last major uprising until 1917, as the Revolution of 1905 was absolutely a major uprising. There was a rumor that Pugachev was Peter III, but this was a lie spread by Pugachev to engender dissent against Catherine I. Finally, following Pugachev's rebellion Catherine opted to integrate and assimilate the Cossacks more into Russian culture and institutions, rather than deport them.